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St. Vincent Ferrer Seminary

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St. Vincent Ferrer Seminary

The Seminario de San Vicente Ferrer (Saint Vincent Ferrer Seminary), also known as San Vicente Ferrer, Seminario or Saint Vincent, is a college-seminary of the Archdiocese of Jaro located in Iloilo City. It was founded in 1869 and is the first institution of higher education in the Western Visayas. It is the fifth oldest and the last seminary that was established during the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines. The Seminarians serve the nearby Jaro Cathedral which houses the miraculous statue of Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria de Jaro, the official patron of Western Visayas.

On May 27, 1865, Pope Pius IX, in the bull of erection Qui Ab Initio of the Diocese of Jaro, insisted that a new bishop should be found and a seminary organized as soon as possible. The Archbishop of Manila, Gregorio Meliton Martinez carried the decree into effect, on October 10, 1867. At that time, Mariano Cuartero, the first Bishop of Jaro, was still in Spain, acting as General Procurator of the Dominican Order. He received episcopal ordination at the Dominican Seminary of Ocania, Spain, in November 1867, and was able to take possession of his diocese only on April 25, 1868. The new bishop founded the Diocesan Seminary where he could train good pastors for the different parishes, which at that time were almost entirely under the spiritual administration of the Augustinian friars, who were then regarded as the Fathers of the Faith in Panay.

On April 2, 1868, Cuartero arrived in Manila together with five Vincentian priests, three Brothers and sixteen Daughters of Charity. Having taken possession of the diocese, Cuartero immediately began his work of enlarging the parish of "La Candelaria" to be his cathedral church, the adaptation of the convent to be his residence and the foundation of the Diocesan Seminary in December 1869.

The Vicentian Fathers, upon the request of Cuartero, came to Jaro to organize and direct the Diocesan Seminary. The first Vincentian Fathers who took the direction of the Seminary of Jaro was made of three priests: Ildefonso Moral, rector, one of the greatest figures in the early history of the Vincentians in the Philippines; Aniceto Gonzales, who directed the construction of the seminary building and later, succeeded Moral as rector; and the newly ordained priest, Juan Miralda. Before the end of 1870, two young priests, Juan Jayme and Rufino Martin and a brother of Francisco Lopez joined the community. A year later Joaquin Jayme replaced his brother Juan who, was transferred to the Seminary of Cebu. At the death of Martin in 1873, Juan Jayme took over his work. Those were the founders of the Seminario Metropolitano de San Vicente Ferrer.

It is unknown who the first seminarians were because of the fire of 1906 which destroyed the seminary building and its records. It is known, however, that some of the first seminarians of Jaro had transferred to Cebu like the two "habitatis." They are so called because being students of Moral Theology, they already donned to the soutane. They were Basilio Albar and Silvestre Apura, who were ordained priests in Jaro in 1873 and 1874 respectively.

At first, the seminary was housed at the bishop's residence. The bishop busied himself with the idea of building up an adequate edifice for his seminary. The bishop begged and appealed to his people for help which they gave generously. Of special mention in this regard were the sisters Ana and Maria Sitchon, the priest Mariano Sitchon, and Dona Gregoria Hingson - all from Parian (now Molo). On March 11, 1871, the cornerstone was laid and the construction of the seminary begun under the direction of Aniceto Gonzales who acted as foreman. The priests and seminarians joined the workers during their free time. They carried the bricks from the riverbank where the bancas unloaded them to the place of work. Cuarteto was seen many time carrying the bricks with the seminarians. By October 1872, a good part of building was finished and ready for use. The seminary was transferred amidst the jubilation of all. In the same year, Gonzales had succeeded Moral as rector. He gave the construction a great support. The building was completed in November 1874.

The seminary, as completed in 1874, was of quadrilateral shape with dimensions 54 x 52 meters. In the center was the interior garden measuring 23 square meters. The first floor was made of stone and bricks while the second floor was made of hard wood. At that time it was undoubtedly the best seminary in the Philippines.

The new seminary soon became the most popular and first center of secondary education in the island. The number of students who requested to be allowed to take secondary education in the seminary but without any intention of pursuing priesthood was so many. Ildefonso Moral, who was reappointed rector in 1875, decided to open the seminary doors to lay students as had already been done in other diocesan seminaries. Thus the seminary lost its character of being a school solely and exclusively for priestly formation. But this adulteration of the Tridentine institution was partly due to certain historical circumstances.

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