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Simav
Simav is a town in Kütahya Province in the Aegean region of Turkey. It is the seat of Simav District. Its population is 26,872 (2022). The town is located on the Simav River.
Simav is located 93 km west-southwest of Kütahya, the province capital. It is located on the south side of the Simav valley. To the south, a steep escarpment separates the plain from Simav Mountain, which rises to 1,780 m above sea level. This escarpment follows the Simav Fault, which runs east and west for about 80 km.
About 4 km north of Simav, on the northeastern edge of the plain, is the Simav geothermal field. This field has hot springs at Eynal, Çitgöl, and Naşa. Geothermal energy from this field is used to heat some 6,000 residences in the district (as of 2008) as well as numerous greenhouses. The geothermal system is ultimately caused by the Simav Fault, which penetrates deep into the earth's crust and enables heat to rise up and heat the meteoric water in the area. This water is ultimately derived from a cold spring at Nadarçam, near Simav.
Simav was historically called Synaus or Synaos (Ancient Greek: Σύναος), also spelled Synnaus or Synnaos (Σύνναος). In ancient times, it was the main town in Abbaitis, a district in Mysia, and a city in the Roman province of Phrygia Pacatiana. It was also listed as one of the cities in the 6th-century Synekdemos of Hierocles.
The 2013 edition of the Annuario Pontificio puts Synaus in the late Roman province of Phrygia Pacatiana Secumda whose civil capital and metropolitan see was Hierapolis. In the early 20th century, Sophrone Pétridès placed it in Phrygia Pacatiana Prima, whose capital and metropolitan see was Laodicea on the Lycus.
Little is known of the early history of this city, which Ptolemy locates in Great Phrygia, and 6th-century Hierocles, in Phrygia Pacatiana, whose capital was Laodicea. It has a few inscriptions but no ruins.
According to Pétridès, in 1394 the see of Synaus was united to that of Philadelphia (Roman province of Lydia); in the 7th century it was a suffragan of Laodicea on the Lycus (in Phrygia Pacatiana Prima); it seems also that at this time it was united to the see of Ancyra Ferrea (in Phrygia Pacatiana Secunda). In the 9th century it was attached to the metropolis of Hierapolis (capital of Phrygia Pacatiana Secunda) and remained so till its disappearance, as appears from the Greek Notitiae episcopatuum.
Synaos was historically the seat of a Christian bishop, which was subordinate to Laodikeia until sometime around the 9th century, when it was transferred to Hierapolis. A document from 1394 says that the diocese of Synaos was transferred from Hierapolis to the Exarchate of Philadelphia. The diocese of Synaos was almost always mentioned along with neighboring Ankyra, indicating that the two were closely connected.
Simav
Simav is a town in Kütahya Province in the Aegean region of Turkey. It is the seat of Simav District. Its population is 26,872 (2022). The town is located on the Simav River.
Simav is located 93 km west-southwest of Kütahya, the province capital. It is located on the south side of the Simav valley. To the south, a steep escarpment separates the plain from Simav Mountain, which rises to 1,780 m above sea level. This escarpment follows the Simav Fault, which runs east and west for about 80 km.
About 4 km north of Simav, on the northeastern edge of the plain, is the Simav geothermal field. This field has hot springs at Eynal, Çitgöl, and Naşa. Geothermal energy from this field is used to heat some 6,000 residences in the district (as of 2008) as well as numerous greenhouses. The geothermal system is ultimately caused by the Simav Fault, which penetrates deep into the earth's crust and enables heat to rise up and heat the meteoric water in the area. This water is ultimately derived from a cold spring at Nadarçam, near Simav.
Simav was historically called Synaus or Synaos (Ancient Greek: Σύναος), also spelled Synnaus or Synnaos (Σύνναος). In ancient times, it was the main town in Abbaitis, a district in Mysia, and a city in the Roman province of Phrygia Pacatiana. It was also listed as one of the cities in the 6th-century Synekdemos of Hierocles.
The 2013 edition of the Annuario Pontificio puts Synaus in the late Roman province of Phrygia Pacatiana Secumda whose civil capital and metropolitan see was Hierapolis. In the early 20th century, Sophrone Pétridès placed it in Phrygia Pacatiana Prima, whose capital and metropolitan see was Laodicea on the Lycus.
Little is known of the early history of this city, which Ptolemy locates in Great Phrygia, and 6th-century Hierocles, in Phrygia Pacatiana, whose capital was Laodicea. It has a few inscriptions but no ruins.
According to Pétridès, in 1394 the see of Synaus was united to that of Philadelphia (Roman province of Lydia); in the 7th century it was a suffragan of Laodicea on the Lycus (in Phrygia Pacatiana Prima); it seems also that at this time it was united to the see of Ancyra Ferrea (in Phrygia Pacatiana Secunda). In the 9th century it was attached to the metropolis of Hierapolis (capital of Phrygia Pacatiana Secunda) and remained so till its disappearance, as appears from the Greek Notitiae episcopatuum.
Synaos was historically the seat of a Christian bishop, which was subordinate to Laodikeia until sometime around the 9th century, when it was transferred to Hierapolis. A document from 1394 says that the diocese of Synaos was transferred from Hierapolis to the Exarchate of Philadelphia. The diocese of Synaos was almost always mentioned along with neighboring Ankyra, indicating that the two were closely connected.