Tahta (Arabic: طهطا / IPA: [ˈtˤɑhtˤɑ], ALA-LC: Ṭahṭā; Ancient Greek: Τοετω; Coptic: ⲧϩⲟⲧⲏ, Coptic pronunciation: [dəˈhodæ]) is a city in the Sohag Governorate of Upper Egypt. It is located on the west bank of the Nile in an area known for its agricultural richness. Tahta had a population of 85,528 at the 2017 census. Egyptologists believe that the modern name may derive from the word Ta-ho-ty (Ancient Egyptian: Tȝ-ḥw.t-Ty). Two famous monasteries are located near Tahta, the White Monastery and the Red Monastery. The town has a small but significant Coptic Catholic community.

Its most famous resident was the reformist intellectual Rifa'a al-Tahtawi, who was born in Tahta in 1801, and who wrote and translated many books following his trip to Paris in 1826 as the imam and chaplain for the first group of Egyptians whom Mehmet Ali Pasha (Muhammad Ali of Egypt) sent to study in western Europe.

Villages within the jurisdiction of Tahta include: