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Talbot Jennings
Talbot Jennings
Talbot Jennings
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Talbot Lanham Jennings (August 25, 1894 – May 30, 1985) was an American playwright and screenwriter. He received two Academy Award nominations for co-writing the screenplays for Mutiny on the Bounty (1935) and Anna and the King of Siam (1946).

Key Information

Biography

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He was born in 1894 in Shoshone, Idaho, his father was an Episcopal archdeacon for Idaho and Wyoming. He attended Nampa High School before World War I in which he saw active service as an artilleryman in the U.S. Army, where he fought in five major battles.[1]

After to war he went to University of Idaho and graduated Phi Beta Kappa in 1924. He was president of the Associated Students and wrote Light on the Mountains, a state history set to music. He also edited the yearbook, Gem of the Mountains, and the Blue Bucket, the English Department literary publication.

Jennings did a master's degree at Harvard University,[2] then attended Yale Drama School.[3]

Talbot wrote and co-wrote 17 screenplays including Mutiny on the Bounty, Romeo and Juliet, Anna and the King of Siam, Knights of the Round Table, The Good Earth and Northwest Passage.[3] He wrote many screenplays for television also. A story he wrote became The Sons of Katie Elder (1965), and was his last film.

In the 1940 B-movie The Devil's Pipeline, Richard Arlen and Andy Devine play characters named Talbot and Jennings, apparently an inside joke by one of its writers.

He died at East Glacier Park, Montana.

Plays

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  • No More Frontier (1931)
  • This Side of Idolatry (1933)[4]

Films

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References

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Talbot Jennings

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Talbot Jennings is an American screenwriter and playwright known for his contributions to classic Hollywood cinema, particularly his work on Mutiny on the Bounty (1935) and his Oscar-nominated screenplay for Anna and the King of Siam (1946). Born on August 25, 1894, in Shoshone, Idaho, Jennings graduated from high school in Nampa and later graduated from the University of Idaho after serving in the U.S. Army during World War I. He initially pursued a career in theater, authoring plays such as No More Frontier (produced on Broadway in 1931), before transitioning to screenwriting in the 1930s. Over the next several decades, he wrote or co-wrote approximately 17 screenplays, including notable adaptations like The Good Earth (1937), Romeo and Juliet (1936), and Northwest Passage (1940). His work often involved adapting literary sources and collaborating with prominent directors, establishing him as a reliable craftsman in the studio era. Jennings continued writing into the 1960s, with credits including The Sons of Katie Elder (1965), before retiring. He died on May 30, 1985, at the age of 90.

Early life and education

Family background and childhood

Talbot Jennings was born on August 25, 1894, in Shoshone, Idaho. He was the son of an Episcopal archdeacon who served Idaho and Wyoming. The family later moved to Nampa, Idaho, where Jennings attended and graduated from Nampa High School. This early period in southern Idaho shaped his upbringing before further pursuits after high school.

University years and academic achievements

After serving in World War I, Talbot Jennings returned to the University of Idaho, graduating in 1924 with a degree in English and election to Phi Beta Kappa. He held prominent student leadership roles, including serving as president of the Associated Students, editor of the yearbook Gem of the Mountains, and editor of the literary publication Blue Bucket. During his time at the university, Jennings wrote Light on the Mountains, a pageant depicting Idaho's state history set to music, which was presented by students in 1923. Jennings later earned a master's degree from Harvard University and attended the Yale Drama School. In recognition of his achievements, he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Idaho in 1939.

World War I service

Enlistment and combat experience

Talbot Jennings enlisted in the U.S. Army during World War I. He served in the Army and saw combat action in five major battles. After the war, he attended the University of Idaho and completed his degree.

Early writing career

University and stage plays

During his university years at the University of Idaho, Talbot Jennings engaged in early theatrical work by adapting Shakespearean plays for local production. In 1926, he collaborated with John H. Cushman to arrange an adaptation of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet specifically for performance at the University of Idaho. The following year, in 1927, Jennings and Cushman adapted The Merchant of Venice from Shakespeare's original for a similar university staging. Also in 1927, Jennings wrote his own one-act play, Their Desolate Places, marking an early original dramatic effort. Jennings achieved a notable Broadway production with No More Frontier, a drama that opened on October 22, 1931, and ran through November 1931 in New York. Published by Samuel French in 1931 as a play in a prologue and three acts, it represented his first major professional stage credit. His subsequent stage work included This Side Idolatry, which premiered on October 19, 1933, at the Lyric Theatre in London, produced by Gilbert Miller and Leslie Howard, with Howard starring as William Shakespeare. The play, a full-length study portraying Shakespeare as a human figure rather than an idealized genius, received some positive notices for its approach and Howard's performance but closed after a brief run. In 1938, Jennings' play American Wing was presented as part of the Federal Theatre Project, described in promotional materials as a pulsating New England drama. These stage efforts preceded his transition to Hollywood screenwriting in the mid-1930s.

Hollywood screenwriting career

Entry into film and 1930s successes

Talbot Jennings relocated to Hollywood in 1934, where he quickly came under the patronage of MGM producer Irving Thalberg and began his screenwriting career. His initial contribution was an uncredited script polish on We Live Again (1934), loaned by Thalberg to producer Samuel Goldwyn. Jennings achieved his breakthrough the following year with Mutiny on the Bounty (1935), his first credited screenplay. He collaborated with Jules Furthman and Carey Wilson to refine earlier drafts, and their work earned an Academy Award nomination for Best Screenplay (shared credit). The film, an MGM epic directed by Frank Lloyd and starring Clark Gable and Charles Laughton, won the Oscar for Best Picture. In 1936, Thalberg assigned Jennings the solo adaptation of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, directed by George Cukor. The screenplay remained faithful to the original play's narrative and dialogue, widely regarded as one of the finest Shakespeare adaptations in Hollywood history. Jennings continued his string of prestigious assignments with The Good Earth (1937), an adaptation of Pearl S. Buck's novel directed by Sidney Franklin. He shared screenplay credit with Tess Slesinger and Claudine West, focusing primarily on the script's structure while his collaborators emphasized the feminine perspective. The film received five Academy Award nominations and won Oscars for Best Actress and Best Cinematography. These early successes established Jennings as a reliable talent for high-profile literary and historical adaptations at MGM.

1940s adaptations and Oscar nominations

In the 1940s, Talbot Jennings specialized in screenwriting adaptations of literary works, contributing to several prominent historical and adventure films as a freelancer following his earlier studio affiliations. In 1940, he co-wrote the screenplay for Northwest Passage with Laurence Stallings, adapting Kenneth Roberts' historical novel about Rogers' Rangers during the French and Indian War; the film, directed by King Vidor, emphasized action, period detail, and character development in its depiction of colonial-era exploration. He also contributed to Edison the Man (1940) with Bradbury Foote and adapted Erich Maria Remarque’s Flotsam as So Ends Our Night (1941), directed by John Cromwell. Four years later, Jennings adapted Daphne du Maurier's novel Frenchman's Creek into a 1944 romantic adventure directed by Mitchell Leisen, starring Joan Fontaine as an English noblewoman who falls in love with a French pirate amid 17th-century Cornish settings. His most acclaimed work of the decade came in 1946 with Anna and the King of Siam, where Jennings collaborated with Sally Benson on the screenplay adapting Margaret Landon's biographical novel about an English governess at the Siamese court; the film received five Academy Award nominations total, including one for Best Screenplay shared by Jennings and Benson at the 19th Academy Awards in 1947. Although the screenplay nomination did not result in a win, the film secured Oscars for Art Direction (Black-and-White) and Cinematography (Black-and-White), underscoring its production values and Jennings' effectiveness in translating complex literary material to the screen.

1950s films and freelance work

In the 1950s, Talbot Jennings transitioned to freelance screenwriting after his long association with MGM, contributing to a diverse array of films across various studios. He co-wrote the screenplay for the historical adventure The Black Rose (1950), directed by Henry Hathaway and starring Tyrone Power and Orson Welles. In 1951, Jennings supplied both the story and screenplay for the western Across the Wide Missouri, directed by William Wellman and headlined by Clark Gable. Jennings continued this independent phase with the screenplay for Knights of the Round Table (1953), a Technicolor adaptation of Arthurian legend directed by Richard Thorpe and featuring Robert Taylor, Ava Gardner, and Mel Ferrer. In 1955, he co-wrote the screenplay and adaptation for Untamed, a historical drama set during the Zulu conflicts; provided the screenplay for Escape to Burma, a romantic adventure directed by Allan Dwan starring Barbara Stanwyck and Robert Ryan; and wrote for Pearl of the South Pacific (directed by Dwan). He continued freelancing with Gunsight Ridge (1957) and provided the story for The Naked Maja (1959). His final film credit came later with the story for The Sons of Katie Elder (1965), a western directed by Henry Hathaway and starring John Wayne, Dean Martin, Michael Anderson Jr., and Earl Holliman. This marked the conclusion of his motion picture work, after which his contributions shifted toward other media.

Television and later contributions

Scripts for episodic series

In the late 1950s and early 1960s, Talbot Jennings contributed scripts to several episodic television series, primarily adventure and action programs produced by Warner Bros. during the early years of television's expansion. He supplied the teleplay for "Abra-Cadaver," an episode of the detective series 77 Sunset Strip that aired in 1959. For the adventure-western series The Alaskans, he wrote the script for "Starvation Stampede" in 1959. Jennings provided the story for an episode of the adventure series Adventures in Paradise in 1960. He contributed a story to The Roaring 20's in 1961. Additionally, he wrote an episode of the Civil War drama The Americans in 1961. These television assignments represented Jennings' work in episodic series before his final film credit in 1965.

Personal life and honors

Family, residences, and University of Idaho ties

Jennings was married to Elisabeth Plumlee Jennings. His father was Rev. Samuel James Jennings, an Episcopal archdeacon of Idaho and Wyoming. Jennings maintained a close connection to the University of Idaho, his alma mater. He received an honorary doctorate from the institution in 1939 and remained a supporter of the university throughout his life through donations and other contributions. In 1960, Jennings donated his personal collection of scripts, including motion picture and television works, to the University of Idaho Library. During the 1950s and 1960s, he also contributed several hundred books to the library's holdings. In his later years, Jennings resided in Montana, where he died in East Glacier Park on May 30, 1985.

Awards and legacy

Talbot Jennings received two Academy Award nominations for Best Writing, Screenplay, one for Mutiny on the Bounty (1935) and the other for Anna and the King of Siam (1946). These recognitions highlighted his proficiency in adapting historical and literary material for the screen during Hollywood's golden age. In 1939, he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Idaho, his alma mater, acknowledging his accomplishments and enduring ties to the institution. Jennings authored or co-authored 17 screenplays over the course of his career. He proved himself equally adept in various genres, including historical costume dramas and westerns, and was noted for his strong narrative skills. His work contributed to the classic Hollywood tradition of bringing expansive historical stories and frontier tales to audiences with compelling structure and character development.

Death

Final years and passing

Talbot Jennings resided in East Glacier Park, Montana, during his final years. He died there on May 30, 1985, at the age of 90. His remains were cremated. His last screenplay credit came in 1965, after which he lived in retirement until his passing.
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