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Taspar Qaghan

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Taspar Qaghan

Taspar Qaghan (Sogdian: t’asp’r γ’γ’n) or Tatpar Qaghan (Sogdian: t’tp’r x’γ’n, Rouran: Tadpar qaɣan; Old Turkic: 𐱃𐱃𐰯𐰺𐰴𐰍𐰣 Tatpar qaγan, 佗缽可汗/佗钵可汗, Pinyin: tuóbō Kèhán, Wade-Giles: t'o-po k'o-han) was the third son of Bumin Qaghan, with princess Wei Changle (長樂公主), and the fourth khagan of the First Turkic Khaganate (572–581).

One passage of the Sogdian transliteration text on the Bugut stele has been read (in the standard scholarly edition) and can be tentatively rendered as: (Sogdian Transliteration: βγy wr-kwp-’r cr-’’cw mγ’’ t’tp’r x’γ’n, Transcription: Baġa Urkupär (Urkäpär) Črāču (Čor Aču) Maġa Tatpar Qaɣan)

A literal gloss of this rendering is:

This reading treats the Sogdian text as a chain of epithets and titles (epithet + rank + personal name + epithet + regnal name + qaγan), rather than a single continuous birth-name. The reconstruction is tentative: the Sogdian orthography and the epigraphic damage permit several alternate readings, and editors note possible variant spellings and uncertainties in individual graphemes.

Taspar Qaghan's reign saw further rise of Turkic power even to the point calling both Zhou and Qi emperors his sons. He appointed his nephews Ashina Shetu as Erzhu khagan in the east and Börü khagan in the west as lesser khagans.

He switched his alliance from Zhou to Qi. He sent a horse as gift in 572 and granted defeated Qi prince Gao Shaoyi asylum. He transferred former Northern Qi subjects, whether they fled to or were captured by the Göktürks, to be under Gao Shaoyi's command. However, he still maintained good relationship with Zhou, sending another horse as a gift in 574.

Around the new year 578, Gao Baoning, sent a petition to Gao Shaoyi, requesting that he take the imperial title. Gao Shaoyi therefore declared himself emperor, with military assistance from the Göktürks.

Taspar attacked Zhou repeatedly until the spring of 579, when he sought peace with the Northern Zhou. Emperor Xuan of Northern Zhou made the daughter of his uncle Yuwen Zhao (宇文招) the Princess Qianjin, offering to give her to Taspar in marriage if he would be willing to surrender Gao Shaoyi. Taspar refused.

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