Tecozautla (Otomi: Masofo) is a town and one of the 84 municipalities of Hidalgo, in central-eastern Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 575.6 km2. The name derives from the Nahuatl words "tetl", meaning "stone"; "cozaqui", meaning "yellow thing"; and "tla", meaning "place of"; making the entire meaning of Tecozautla "place where yellow earth abounds".[6]
As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 31,609.[7] In 2017 there were 2,415 inhabitants who spoke an indigenous language,[8] primarily Mezquital Otomi.[9] The town was declared a "Pueblo Mágico" in 2015.[6]
The name Tecozautla comes from the náhuatl tetl -stone-, cozauqui -yellow thing- and tla which means -place of-; which together means "Place where the yellow earth abounds".[note 1][10][11]
As for physiography it is located within the province of the Neovolcanic Axis; within the subprovince of Sierras y Llanuras de Querétaro and Hidalgo.[12]
As for its geology it corresponds to the Neogene period (91.86%), Cretaceous (4.0%) and Quaternary (2.0%).[12] With Extrusive igneous type rocks: basalt (29.86%), acid tuff (26.0%), volcanoclastic (12.0%), basic tuff-basic volcanic breccia (5.0%), acid tuff-acid volcanic breccia (5.0%) and rhyolite-acid tuff (2.0%); sedimentary: sandstone–conglomerate (12.0%) and limestone (4.0%); soil: alluvial (2.0%).[12] Regarding pedology the dominant soil is phaeozem (45.86%), vertisol (26.0%), calcisol (19.0%) and leptosol (7.0%).[12]
With regard to hydrology it is positioned in the hydrological region of the Pánuco River; in the basins of the Moctezuma River; within the sub-basins of the Tula River (35.0%), San Juan River (30.0%), Tecozautla River (21.0%) and Alfajayucan River (14.0%).[12] It also has a dam, wells and springs.[13][14]
The following climates are located in the municipal territory with their respective percentage: Semi-dry semi-warm (54.0%) and semi-dry temperate (46.0%).[12] With an average annual climatological temperature of 17 °C with a total annual precipitation of 517 millimeters.[13]
The flora in the municipality is made up of a variety of trees such as oak, oyamel, biznaga, pitaya, huizache, maguey, cactus, organ and a large number of pirul trees, and some fruit trees.[13][14] The fauna is made up of rabbits, rattlesnakes, hares, squirrels, ocelots, hawks, opossums, armadillos, deer, chameleons, coyotes, buzzards, insects and arachnids.[13][14]
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