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Tej Singh

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Tej Singh

Tej Singh (1799 – 4 December 1862; or Raja Teja Singh) was a Sikh commander in the Sikh Empire. He was appointed as commander-in-chief of the Sikh Khalsa Army during the First Anglo-Sikh War betraying the army he was supposed to lead.

In return for his loyalty to the invader, the East India Company, made Tej Singh Raja of Sialkot. It appointed him to head the Council of Regency on behalf of the minor Duleep Singh. He was one of six signatories to the 1849 Treaty of Lahore, which agreed to the surrender of the Koh-i-Noor diamond by the Maharaja of Lahore to the Queen of England. All the signatories, on behalf of the minor Duleep Singh, endorsed the treaty in return for being permitted to retain their jagirs.

Tej Singh was born as Tej Ram in 1799 into a Gaur Brahmin family. His father was Misr Niddha of Meerut district, who was commander of the Sikh Khalsa Army. He was a relative of Jamadar Khushal Singh. He first began working in the court of the Lahore Durbar in 1812. In 1816, he underwent the Pahul and was rechristened as Tej Singh.

After proving his worth as a soldier during the invasions of Kashmir in 1813, 1814, and 1819, alongside the operations against Mankera, Leiah, and Derajat, he was promoted to the rank of general in the Sikh army in 1818. He played a role in the Peshawar operation of 1823, where he served as operational commander. During this campaign, he took part in the battle of Teri. By 1831, twenty-two battalions of the regular Sikh army came under his command. In 1839, he assisted with a Colonel Wade's joint-invasion of Afghanistan and was based in Peshawar.

General Tej Singh was the Governor of Hazara and Peshawar from 1838 to 1844. With the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in June 1839, and with the outbreak of the First Afghan War, Tej Singh found it necessary to pay undivided attention to Peshawar. He requested that a separate Governor be appointed to Hazara, so the Lahore Durbar named Arbel Singh Deputy Governor and handed him the sole charge of the affairs of Yusafzai. Arbel Singh commenced his new role at the onset of 1841.

After the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the Sikh court became fractious and the various agents acted at cross purposes to each other.

He had considerable influence over Nau Nihal Singh. He endorsed Chand Kaur's regency after the sudden death of Nau Nihal Singh.

Tej Singh appears to have had loyalties to the Raja Gulab Singh of Jammu and he, along with Gulab Singh, believed it to be a mistake to be warring with the British. However, Rani Jindan, the Regent acting on behalf of the anointed prince Duleep Singh, ordered him to march the troops against the British. He did so reluctantly.

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