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Trams in Bratislava
Bratislava tram network (Slovak: Električková doprava v Bratislave) serves Bratislava (the capital city of Slovakia). It is operated by Dopravný podnik Bratislava, a. s and the system is known as Mestská hromadná doprava (MHD, municipal mass transit).
Trams in the city have been electrically powered since the system was opened in 1895; there were never any horse-driven or steam-powered trams in Bratislava. It is the one of two urban tram systems in Slovakia with the other system located in Košice. Conversions to standard-gauge railway have been proposed in the past, but the network uses narrow-gauge 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) track also known as metre-gauge. Rolling stock consists of 211 tram vehicles and trams operate on five lines over approximately 42 km (26 mi) of track.
Permission was granted by the Hungarian Royal Ministry of Trade on 2 June 1893 for Bratislava (then Pozsony) to open its first tram line. The first line was inaugurated on 27 August 1895, and took the route from today's SNP Bridge to the end of today's Štefánikova street. There were nine vehicles in operation that were powered by electricity at a voltage of 550 V. Construction of new sections continued, and in September 1895, a continuation of the line was opened to the main station; the complete line was more than 3 km long. Several other lines were opened in January of the following year. Horse bus (Omnibus) services were retired as a result.
After the outbreak of the war, transport demands were sharply increased which had an effect on tram services. Night services had to be cancelled after 10 pm. In 1941, construction of the tunnel under Bratislava Castle, which is now used by trams, began. The tunnel construction took 8 years and the tunnel was put into operation in 1949. During the Second World War, it served as an anti-aircraft cover and was later used by car transport and pedestrians. Since 1983, it has been designed exclusively for trams.
In 1942, classic pantographs were installed on the network. Two more years later, the number designation of tram lines and other modes of transport was introduced. Just before and during the Red Army's occupation of the city in 1945, all public transport, including the railroad, was halted in the city. After the liberation, 90% of the network was damaged, and extensive repairs began to correct this.
In 1950s, first 6MT trams appeared. The track from Karlova Ves was doubled and the last monorail section disappeared. Since 1952, the number of lines has increased to five.
Tram lines of a fast-lane character (Rača, 1988) were opened on the just-completed housing estates. In the same year, the operation of Tatra T2 trams was terminated and the construction of the metro started but it was stopped a year later.
Plans were proposed to swap Bratislava's tram tracks into a 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard-gauge track. At the time in the former Czechoslovakia, only networks in Bratislava and in Liberec featured this track gauge. The 1990s marked the modernisation of the rolling stock (K2S, T3G, T3Mod, etc.) and brand new trams of the Tatra T6A5 type were delivered between 1991 and 1997. At this time, however, the tram network became very congested, both for reasons of financial savings and by extending the intervals, and also because there was still no carrier system of public transport.
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Trams in Bratislava
Bratislava tram network (Slovak: Električková doprava v Bratislave) serves Bratislava (the capital city of Slovakia). It is operated by Dopravný podnik Bratislava, a. s and the system is known as Mestská hromadná doprava (MHD, municipal mass transit).
Trams in the city have been electrically powered since the system was opened in 1895; there were never any horse-driven or steam-powered trams in Bratislava. It is the one of two urban tram systems in Slovakia with the other system located in Košice. Conversions to standard-gauge railway have been proposed in the past, but the network uses narrow-gauge 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) track also known as metre-gauge. Rolling stock consists of 211 tram vehicles and trams operate on five lines over approximately 42 km (26 mi) of track.
Permission was granted by the Hungarian Royal Ministry of Trade on 2 June 1893 for Bratislava (then Pozsony) to open its first tram line. The first line was inaugurated on 27 August 1895, and took the route from today's SNP Bridge to the end of today's Štefánikova street. There were nine vehicles in operation that were powered by electricity at a voltage of 550 V. Construction of new sections continued, and in September 1895, a continuation of the line was opened to the main station; the complete line was more than 3 km long. Several other lines were opened in January of the following year. Horse bus (Omnibus) services were retired as a result.
After the outbreak of the war, transport demands were sharply increased which had an effect on tram services. Night services had to be cancelled after 10 pm. In 1941, construction of the tunnel under Bratislava Castle, which is now used by trams, began. The tunnel construction took 8 years and the tunnel was put into operation in 1949. During the Second World War, it served as an anti-aircraft cover and was later used by car transport and pedestrians. Since 1983, it has been designed exclusively for trams.
In 1942, classic pantographs were installed on the network. Two more years later, the number designation of tram lines and other modes of transport was introduced. Just before and during the Red Army's occupation of the city in 1945, all public transport, including the railroad, was halted in the city. After the liberation, 90% of the network was damaged, and extensive repairs began to correct this.
In 1950s, first 6MT trams appeared. The track from Karlova Ves was doubled and the last monorail section disappeared. Since 1952, the number of lines has increased to five.
Tram lines of a fast-lane character (Rača, 1988) were opened on the just-completed housing estates. In the same year, the operation of Tatra T2 trams was terminated and the construction of the metro started but it was stopped a year later.
Plans were proposed to swap Bratislava's tram tracks into a 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard-gauge track. At the time in the former Czechoslovakia, only networks in Bratislava and in Liberec featured this track gauge. The 1990s marked the modernisation of the rolling stock (K2S, T3G, T3Mod, etc.) and brand new trams of the Tatra T6A5 type were delivered between 1991 and 1997. At this time, however, the tram network became very congested, both for reasons of financial savings and by extending the intervals, and also because there was still no carrier system of public transport.