Transport in Sweden is available for all four main modes of transport—air, bus, ferry and rail—assisting residents and visitors without their own vehicle to travel around much of Sweden's 450,295 square kilometres (173,860 sq mi).

Rail transport is operated by SJ, DSBFirst, Green Cargo, Vy Tåg and more. Most counties have companies that provide ticketing, marketing and financing of local passenger rail, but the actual operation is undertaken by the aforementioned companies. There is 11,663 km of railway, of which 9,227 km is nationalised and 3,594 km is county-owned. As of 2008, over 11,000 km of rails are 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) gauge, of which 7,531 km is electrified. There are 65 km of 891 mm (2 ft 11+3⁄32 in) gauge.

Trains generally keep to the left, as opposed to all neighbouring countries, a legacy of Sweden’s driving direction prior to 1967.

Stockholm Metro (Stockholms tunnelbana) is the only metro system in Sweden.

Cities with light rail (trams);

Stockholm previously had a large tram network, but this was discontinued in favour of bus and metro; a revival of the tram network was seen in the construction of Tvärbanan in the late 1990s and early 2000s.

Sweden has right-hand traffic today, like all its neighbours.

Sweden had left-hand traffic (Vänstertrafik in Swedish) from approximately 1736 and continued to do so until 1967. Despite this virtually all cars in Sweden were actually left-hand drive and the neighbouring Nordic countries already drove on the right, leading to mistakes by visitors. The Swedish voters rejected a change to driving on the right in a referendum held in 1955.