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Tyndis
Tyndis (Ancient Greek: Τύνδις, Tamil: Thondi) was an ancient south Indian seaport/harbor-town mentioned in Graeco-Roman writings. It was located about 500 stadia north of the port Muziris (Muchiri), in the country of the Chera rulers. No archaeological evidence of Tyndis has been found.
The Chera rulers of early historic south India (c. second century BCE - c. third century CE) had their headquarters at Karur (Karuvur) in the interior Tamil Nadu and headquarters/harbors at Muziris (Muchiri) and Tyndis (Thondi) on the Malabar Coast (present-day Kerala). Early Tamil texts contain several references to a port named "Thondi" on the Kerala coast in Chera territory.
Another town named Thondi, located in the Pandya country on the eastern coast of the peninsula, is also mentioned in early Tamil literature. This town continues to exist under the same name.
In Tamil, the term "Thondi" refers to either "a small bay-like landscape" or to the "navel".
Like Virai or Arikamedu-Virampattinam, Thondi is sometimes referred to as "Munthurai", meaning "the port in front [of the town]". It is also called "Kanalam Thondi", meaning "the coastal town with backwater lakes or backwaters with flowers". Tamil poems describe it as "valam kezhu", signifying its prosperity, much like Muziris.
The port of Thondi also had a goddess ("Ananku").
There are several references to a port named Thondi on the Kerala coast in the early Tamil texts. It was under the control of the Chera rulers, probably under the Irumporai collateral branch. The port may have been associated with hinterland trade from the Malabar Coast to the interior Tamil country via the Palghat Gap.
The Chera ruler of Thondi was usually called "Poraiyan". One ruler, notably styled "Thin Ther Poraiyan" or "the Poraiyan with the Strong Chariot", is repeatedly mentioned in early Tamil literature. On some occasions, Chera ruler of Thondi is directly named as "Chenkol Kuttuvan" or Cheraman Ko Kothai Marpan.
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Tyndis
Tyndis (Ancient Greek: Τύνδις, Tamil: Thondi) was an ancient south Indian seaport/harbor-town mentioned in Graeco-Roman writings. It was located about 500 stadia north of the port Muziris (Muchiri), in the country of the Chera rulers. No archaeological evidence of Tyndis has been found.
The Chera rulers of early historic south India (c. second century BCE - c. third century CE) had their headquarters at Karur (Karuvur) in the interior Tamil Nadu and headquarters/harbors at Muziris (Muchiri) and Tyndis (Thondi) on the Malabar Coast (present-day Kerala). Early Tamil texts contain several references to a port named "Thondi" on the Kerala coast in Chera territory.
Another town named Thondi, located in the Pandya country on the eastern coast of the peninsula, is also mentioned in early Tamil literature. This town continues to exist under the same name.
In Tamil, the term "Thondi" refers to either "a small bay-like landscape" or to the "navel".
Like Virai or Arikamedu-Virampattinam, Thondi is sometimes referred to as "Munthurai", meaning "the port in front [of the town]". It is also called "Kanalam Thondi", meaning "the coastal town with backwater lakes or backwaters with flowers". Tamil poems describe it as "valam kezhu", signifying its prosperity, much like Muziris.
The port of Thondi also had a goddess ("Ananku").
There are several references to a port named Thondi on the Kerala coast in the early Tamil texts. It was under the control of the Chera rulers, probably under the Irumporai collateral branch. The port may have been associated with hinterland trade from the Malabar Coast to the interior Tamil country via the Palghat Gap.
The Chera ruler of Thondi was usually called "Poraiyan". One ruler, notably styled "Thin Ther Poraiyan" or "the Poraiyan with the Strong Chariot", is repeatedly mentioned in early Tamil literature. On some occasions, Chera ruler of Thondi is directly named as "Chenkol Kuttuvan" or Cheraman Ko Kothai Marpan.