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USED Chinook

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USED Chinook

The steamship Mohawk was a steel-hulled freighter built for the Atlantic Transport Line in 1892. She carried live cattle and frozen beef from the United States to England until the advent of the Spanish–American War. In 1898, she was purchased by the United States Army for use as an ocean-going troopship. During the Spanish–American War, she carried troops and supplies between the U.S. mainland, Cuba, and Puerto Rico.

After the war, she was renamed USAT Grant and refit for service as a troopship in the Pacific. She carried troops and supplies to the Philippines and China to support the Army in the Philippine Insurrection and the Boxer Rebellion. Costly boiler repairs and the need to reduce the size of the Army Transport Service's Pacific fleet led to the ship's retirement as a troopship in 1902.

Grant was transferred to the United States Army Corps of Engineers and converted into a suction dredge in 1903. At that time she was the largest such dredge in the world and remained so until 1938. Grant was renamed USED Chinook. She was responsible for widening and deepening shipping channels on the Columbia, Delaware, and Mississippi rivers, Hampton Roads, Tampa Bay, New York Harbor, and other major ports and waterways. She was decommissioned in 1946 and subsequently scrapped.

The Atlantic Transport Line commissioned four sister ships to be built by the Harland & Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Ireland. They were, in order of launch, Massachusetts, Manitoba, Mohawk, and Mobile.

Mohawk's hull was built of steel plates. She was 445.5 feet (135.8 m) long, with a beam of 49.2 feet (15.0 m) and a depth of hold of 30 feet (9.1 m). Her gross register tonnage was 5,658, and her net register tonnage was 3,646.

She was driven by two propellers. These were turned by two triple-expansion steam engines which were also built by Harland & Wolff. They had high, medium, and low-pressure cylinders with diameters of 22.5 inches, 36.5 inches, and 60 inches, respectively, with a stroke of 48 inches. Each of the engines was rated at 600 horsepower (450 kW). Steam was provided by coal-fired boilers. At full speed, the ship would burn 60 tons of coal a day.

Mohawk's cargo capacity was built primarily to support the shipment of American beef to England, both in the form of live cattle and refrigerated dressed beef. She was fitted out to transport 1,000 live cattle, with a space of 8 feet (2.4 m) long by 2.5 feet (0.76 m) wide allocated to each animal. Her refrigerated holds could carry 1,000 tons of fresh meat. The ship also had accommodations for up to sixty cabin passengers.

Mohawk was launched from the Harland & Wolff shipyard on Queen's Island on 25 February 1892. Her engines and machinery were then installed and she was delivered to her new owners on 7 May 1892.

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