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Umm er Rus
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Umm er Rus
Umm er Rus (also Um Ra'us; Arabic: امّ الرؤوس, lit. 'mother of the summits') is a Roman-Byzantine era ruin in central Israel. It is situated on a high spur in the Judaean Mountains, overlooking the Elah Valley, and lies just under one mile northeast of the modern village of Aviezer.
The site was formerly known in Arabic as Umm er Rûs esh-Shamālīya ("the northern Umm er Rus") to distinguish it from another site of the same name on an adjacent hill to the south.
Its Arabic name derives from the elevated prospect it affords, with the broader connotation of "the place with the hill-top." The site's older Hebrew name is no longer known.
During Israel's Second Temple Period, the village was located in the district known then as Idumaea, named presumably for its inhabitants who were descended from the progeny of Esau, their ancestor, and who came to embrace the Jewish religion in the days of John Hyrcanus.
By the mid-1st-century CE, the inhabitants of this district sought independence from the yoke of the Roman Imperial army. Nothing is known of the village's demise, although it can be assumed that, owing to its proximity to Bethletephon (Beit Nettif), the village fell along with Bethletephon during the initial Roman onslaught of that region by Vespasian, who sent against them the Tenth and Fifteenth legions, in an effort to quell the insurrection.
He (Vespasian) came to the toparchy of Bethletephon. He then destroyed that place, and the neighboring places, by fire, and fortified, at proper places, the strong holds all about Idumaea; and when he had seized upon two villages, which were in the very midst of Idumaea, Betaris and Caphartobas, he slew above ten thousand of the people, and carried into captivity above a thousand, and drove away the rest of the multitude, and placed no small part of his own forces in them, who overran and laid waste the whole mountainous country.
The site may have been resettled and destroyed a second time during the outbreak of hostilities under Hadrian, a time of great upheaval and unrest in Judea, as described by Cassius Dio's Roman History.
Fifty of their most important outposts and nine hundred and eighty-five of their most famous villages were razed to the ground. Five hundred and eighty thousand men were slain in the various raids and battles, and the number of those that perished by famine, disease and fire was past finding out. Thus nearly the whole of Judaea was made desolate .
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Umm er Rus
Umm er Rus (also Um Ra'us; Arabic: امّ الرؤوس, lit. 'mother of the summits') is a Roman-Byzantine era ruin in central Israel. It is situated on a high spur in the Judaean Mountains, overlooking the Elah Valley, and lies just under one mile northeast of the modern village of Aviezer.
The site was formerly known in Arabic as Umm er Rûs esh-Shamālīya ("the northern Umm er Rus") to distinguish it from another site of the same name on an adjacent hill to the south.
Its Arabic name derives from the elevated prospect it affords, with the broader connotation of "the place with the hill-top." The site's older Hebrew name is no longer known.
During Israel's Second Temple Period, the village was located in the district known then as Idumaea, named presumably for its inhabitants who were descended from the progeny of Esau, their ancestor, and who came to embrace the Jewish religion in the days of John Hyrcanus.
By the mid-1st-century CE, the inhabitants of this district sought independence from the yoke of the Roman Imperial army. Nothing is known of the village's demise, although it can be assumed that, owing to its proximity to Bethletephon (Beit Nettif), the village fell along with Bethletephon during the initial Roman onslaught of that region by Vespasian, who sent against them the Tenth and Fifteenth legions, in an effort to quell the insurrection.
He (Vespasian) came to the toparchy of Bethletephon. He then destroyed that place, and the neighboring places, by fire, and fortified, at proper places, the strong holds all about Idumaea; and when he had seized upon two villages, which were in the very midst of Idumaea, Betaris and Caphartobas, he slew above ten thousand of the people, and carried into captivity above a thousand, and drove away the rest of the multitude, and placed no small part of his own forces in them, who overran and laid waste the whole mountainous country.
The site may have been resettled and destroyed a second time during the outbreak of hostilities under Hadrian, a time of great upheaval and unrest in Judea, as described by Cassius Dio's Roman History.
Fifty of their most important outposts and nine hundred and eighty-five of their most famous villages were razed to the ground. Five hundred and eighty thousand men were slain in the various raids and battles, and the number of those that perished by famine, disease and fire was past finding out. Thus nearly the whole of Judaea was made desolate .
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