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Varde River

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Varde River

The Varde (Danish: Varde Å) is a river of Jutland, Denmark. With a length of approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi), it is the third longest watercourse in Denmark, and has a catchment area of 1,088 square kilometres (420 sq mi). The river flows through the municipalities of Varde and Esbjerg, forming the boundary between them along parts of its course.

The Varde is formed by the confluence of the Grindsted and the Ansager. Approximately 300 metres (330 yd) downstream from that point, the majority of the river's flow was diverted by a weir into the Ansager Canal leading to a reservoir, Lake Karlsgårde, to be used for hydroelectric power generation at the Karlsgårde Hydroelectric Plant near Varde. Since 2006, the plant operator, Sydvest Energi, has given up its rights to dam and divert watercourses in the Varde drainage basin, and the river now flows past Hodde, bypassing the reservoir, which is now fed only by the Holme River. The plant is to be entirely closed down by the end of 2015.

In its lower reaches the river winds past the estate of Nørholm, and at Sig, past Sig Fiskeri, one of the largest fish farms in Denmark. The fish farm continues to draw water from the river, because the owner believes the groundwater contains too much iron oxide. The Holme then flows into the Varde, bringing with it the water from Lake Karlsgårde.

The river flows around the town of Varde and empties into the Ho Bugt bay north of Esbjerg.

The Varde is the only major tidal river in Denmark whose outlet is not regulated with dykes and sluice gates. As a result, the river remains under the influence of natural forces; for example, the tides in the bay affect both water level and flow rate far upriver, often as far as the outflow from Lake Karlsgårde.

For part of its course the Varde makes up the boundary between Varde Municipality and Esbjerg Municipality.

For parts of its course the Varde makes up the boundary between the following parishes:

The 15.5-kilometre (9.6 mi) long stretch of the Varde between the Ansager weir and the inflow from Lake Karlsgårde lost approximately 90% of its flow in 1945 when the Karlsgårde Hydroelectric Plant, originally constructed in the 1920s, was expanded with the construction of the Ansager Canal to draw water from the Varde as well as the Holme.

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