Vetluga (Russian: Ветлу́га) is a town and the administrative center of Vetluzhsky District in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Vetluga River, after which the town is named. Population: 8,954 (2010 census); 9,641 (2002 census); 10,190 (1989 Soviet census).

It was founded in 1636 and granted town status in 1778.^{[citation needed]}

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Vetluga serves as the administrative center of Vetluzhsky District. As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Vetluzhsky District as the town of district significance of Vetluga. As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Vetluga is incorporated within Vetluzhsky Municipal District as Vetluga Urban Settlement.