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Cmd.exe
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Cmd.exe
cmd.exe, a.k.a. Command Prompt, is a shell program on later versions of Windows (NT and CE families), OS/2, eComStation, ArcaOS, and ReactOS. In some versions of Windows (CE .NET 4.2, CE 5.0 and Embedded CE 6.0) it is referred to as the Command Processor Shell. Implementation differs between operating systems, but with significant consistency of behavior and available commands.
Older, related operating systems, DOS and Windows 9x, provided COMMAND.COM as the shell. cmd.exe replaced COMMAND.COM in the Windows product line with the introduction of NT. Current versions of Windows include PowerShell as an alternative shell that runs side-by-side with cmd.exe.
The initial version of cmd.exe for Windows NT was developed by Therese Stowell. Windows CE 2.11 was the first embedded Windows release to support a console and a Windows CE version of cmd.exe. The ReactOS implementation of cmd.exe is derived from FreeCOM, the FreeDOS command line interpreter.
In Windows, the shell is presented in the desktop via Windows Terminal or on older versions via Windows Console.
In OS/2 and Windows, the shell supports pipes to allow both sides of a pipeline to run concurrently. As a result, it is possible to redirect the standard error stream. In contrast, COMMAND.COM uses temporary files, and runs the two sides serially, one after the other.
Multiple commands can be included in a single line using the command separator & or &&.
With the & separator, a subsequent command is executed even if the previous command indicates an error. In the following example, each of the three commands is executed, one after the other, and regardless of their result code.
With the && separator, a command must complete successfully for the subsequent command to execute. In the following example, CommandB only executes if CommandA completes successfully, and CommandC only executes if CommandB also completes successfully.
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Cmd.exe
cmd.exe, a.k.a. Command Prompt, is a shell program on later versions of Windows (NT and CE families), OS/2, eComStation, ArcaOS, and ReactOS. In some versions of Windows (CE .NET 4.2, CE 5.0 and Embedded CE 6.0) it is referred to as the Command Processor Shell. Implementation differs between operating systems, but with significant consistency of behavior and available commands.
Older, related operating systems, DOS and Windows 9x, provided COMMAND.COM as the shell. cmd.exe replaced COMMAND.COM in the Windows product line with the introduction of NT. Current versions of Windows include PowerShell as an alternative shell that runs side-by-side with cmd.exe.
The initial version of cmd.exe for Windows NT was developed by Therese Stowell. Windows CE 2.11 was the first embedded Windows release to support a console and a Windows CE version of cmd.exe. The ReactOS implementation of cmd.exe is derived from FreeCOM, the FreeDOS command line interpreter.
In Windows, the shell is presented in the desktop via Windows Terminal or on older versions via Windows Console.
In OS/2 and Windows, the shell supports pipes to allow both sides of a pipeline to run concurrently. As a result, it is possible to redirect the standard error stream. In contrast, COMMAND.COM uses temporary files, and runs the two sides serially, one after the other.
Multiple commands can be included in a single line using the command separator & or &&.
With the & separator, a subsequent command is executed even if the previous command indicates an error. In the following example, each of the three commands is executed, one after the other, and regardless of their result code.
With the && separator, a command must complete successfully for the subsequent command to execute. In the following example, CommandB only executes if CommandA completes successfully, and CommandC only executes if CommandB also completes successfully.