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World Chess Championship 1894
The fifth World Chess Championship was held in New York City (games 1–8), Philadelphia (games 9–11), and Montreal (games 12–19), and was contested from 15 March to 26 May 1894. Holder William Steinitz lost his title to challenger Emanuel Lasker, who was 32 years his junior.
Lasker challenged Steinitz after moving to the United States, which the latter accepted, after having publicly contemplated retirement. Lasker had made a name for himself by having defeated several elite European players, including Curt von Bardeleben (1889) and Joseph Henry Blackburne (1892). The two agreed the match would be won by the first to ten wins.
Though the match began with Steinitz consistently tying the score, Lasker pulled ahead convincingly from game 7 with five consecutive wins. Though Steinitz played several more wins after this point, he failed to equalise, and the match ended with Lasker scoring his tenth win on May 26, 1894.
The two would go on to rematch in 1896, with Lasker defeating Steinitz for a second time.
Reigning World Champion Steinitz publicly spoke of retiring; Lasker challenged him, and he changed his mind.
World Championship matches at this time typically involved negotiation as to the stakes, conditions and length of the match, as at the time, top-level chess had no central governing body. The agreed format was that the players would each select two seconds and a referee in each city, which were agreed to be New York, Philadelphia, and Montreal. The match would be won by the first to reach ten wins.
As for the prize, initially Lasker wanted to play for $5,000 a side and a match was agreed at stakes of $3,000 a side, but Steinitz agreed to a series of reductions when Lasker found it difficult to raise the money, and the final figure was $2,000 each, which was less than for some of Steinitz's earlier matches (the final combined stake of $4,000 would be worth about $495,500 at 2007 values). Although this was publicly praised as an act of sportsmanship on Steinitz's part, he may have desperately needed the money.
The first eight games were played in New York, with the next three being played in Philadelphia, and the last eight were played in Montreal.
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World Chess Championship 1894
The fifth World Chess Championship was held in New York City (games 1–8), Philadelphia (games 9–11), and Montreal (games 12–19), and was contested from 15 March to 26 May 1894. Holder William Steinitz lost his title to challenger Emanuel Lasker, who was 32 years his junior.
Lasker challenged Steinitz after moving to the United States, which the latter accepted, after having publicly contemplated retirement. Lasker had made a name for himself by having defeated several elite European players, including Curt von Bardeleben (1889) and Joseph Henry Blackburne (1892). The two agreed the match would be won by the first to ten wins.
Though the match began with Steinitz consistently tying the score, Lasker pulled ahead convincingly from game 7 with five consecutive wins. Though Steinitz played several more wins after this point, he failed to equalise, and the match ended with Lasker scoring his tenth win on May 26, 1894.
The two would go on to rematch in 1896, with Lasker defeating Steinitz for a second time.
Reigning World Champion Steinitz publicly spoke of retiring; Lasker challenged him, and he changed his mind.
World Championship matches at this time typically involved negotiation as to the stakes, conditions and length of the match, as at the time, top-level chess had no central governing body. The agreed format was that the players would each select two seconds and a referee in each city, which were agreed to be New York, Philadelphia, and Montreal. The match would be won by the first to reach ten wins.
As for the prize, initially Lasker wanted to play for $5,000 a side and a match was agreed at stakes of $3,000 a side, but Steinitz agreed to a series of reductions when Lasker found it difficult to raise the money, and the final figure was $2,000 each, which was less than for some of Steinitz's earlier matches (the final combined stake of $4,000 would be worth about $495,500 at 2007 values). Although this was publicly praised as an act of sportsmanship on Steinitz's part, he may have desperately needed the money.
The first eight games were played in New York, with the next three being played in Philadelphia, and the last eight were played in Montreal.