Germany launches an invasion of Denmark and Norway, known as Operation Weserübung.

Germany invades Belgium, France, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands, leading to the fall of France by June 25, 1940.

The German air force, the Luftwaffe, engages in a series of air battles with the British Royal Air Force, known as the Battle of Britain.

Germany launches a massive invasion of the Soviet Union, marking the beginning of the Eastern Front.

British forces defeat the German and Italian armies in Egypt, marking a significant turning point in the North African Campaign.

Allied forces launch a massive invasion of Nazi-occupied France, known as D-Day.

Germany launches a surprise counterattack through the Ardennes forest, which is eventually repelled by Allied forces.

Adolf Hitler commits suicide in his bunker in Berlin as Allied forces close in on the city.

Germany surrenders unconditionally, marking the end of the war in Europe.