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Wushu (sport)
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Wushu (sport)
Wushu (traditional Chinese: 武術; simplified Chinese: 武术; pinyin: wǔshù) (/ˌwuːˈʃuː/), or kung fu, is a Chinese martial art. It integrates concepts and forms from various traditional and modern Chinese martial arts, including Shaolin kung fu, tai chi, and Wudangquan. "Wushu" is the Chinese term for "martial arts" (武 "Wu" = combat or martial, 術 "Shu" = art), reflecting the art's goal as a compilation and standardization of various styles.[page needed] To distinguish it from traditional Chinese martial arts, it is sometimes referred to as 'Modern Wushu'.
Wushu is practiced both through forms, called taolu, and as a full-contact combat sport, known as sanda. It has a long history of Chinese martial arts and was developed in 1949 to standardize the practice of traditional Chinese martial arts,[page needed] though attempts to structure the various decentralized martial arts traditions date back earlier when the Central Guoshu Institute was established at Nanjing in 1928.
In contemporary times, wushu has become an international sport under the International Wushu Federation (IWUF), which holds the World Wushu Championships every two years. Wushu is an official event at the World Games, Asian Games, East Asian Youth Games, Southeast Asian Games, World Combat Games, and in various other multi-sport events.
Traditional Chinese martial arts have existed for thousands of years. The earliest term for 'martial arts', which can be found in the Han history (206BC-23CE), was "military fighting techniques" (兵技巧; bīng jìqiǎo). During the Song period (circa 960CE) the name changed to "martial arts" (武藝; Wǔ Yì). The term 'Wushu' ('Martial Arts') was also occasionally used. The term 'Wushu' was, for example, found in a poem by Cheng Shao (1626–1644) from the Ming dynasty. In 1928 the 'officially sanctioned' name was changed to "national arts" (國術; guóshù) when the National Martial Arts Academy was established in Nanjing. The term reverted to Wushu under the People's Republic of China during the early 1950s.
The word Wǔ (武) means "Martial" and is composed of two parts: “walk” or “stop” (止; zhǐ) and “lance” (戈; gē). The term wushu being used for 'martial arts' goes back as far as the Liang Dynasty (502–557) in an anthology compiled by Xiao Tong (d. 531), called "Selected Literature" (文選; Wénxuǎn). The term is found in the second verse of a poem by Yan Yanzhi titled: Huang Taizi Shidian Hui Zuoshi (皇太子釋奠會作詩).
The great man grows the many myriad things . . .
Breaking away from the military arts,
He promotes fully the cultural mandates.
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Wushu (sport)
Wushu (traditional Chinese: 武術; simplified Chinese: 武术; pinyin: wǔshù) (/ˌwuːˈʃuː/), or kung fu, is a Chinese martial art. It integrates concepts and forms from various traditional and modern Chinese martial arts, including Shaolin kung fu, tai chi, and Wudangquan. "Wushu" is the Chinese term for "martial arts" (武 "Wu" = combat or martial, 術 "Shu" = art), reflecting the art's goal as a compilation and standardization of various styles.[page needed] To distinguish it from traditional Chinese martial arts, it is sometimes referred to as 'Modern Wushu'.
Wushu is practiced both through forms, called taolu, and as a full-contact combat sport, known as sanda. It has a long history of Chinese martial arts and was developed in 1949 to standardize the practice of traditional Chinese martial arts,[page needed] though attempts to structure the various decentralized martial arts traditions date back earlier when the Central Guoshu Institute was established at Nanjing in 1928.
In contemporary times, wushu has become an international sport under the International Wushu Federation (IWUF), which holds the World Wushu Championships every two years. Wushu is an official event at the World Games, Asian Games, East Asian Youth Games, Southeast Asian Games, World Combat Games, and in various other multi-sport events.
Traditional Chinese martial arts have existed for thousands of years. The earliest term for 'martial arts', which can be found in the Han history (206BC-23CE), was "military fighting techniques" (兵技巧; bīng jìqiǎo). During the Song period (circa 960CE) the name changed to "martial arts" (武藝; Wǔ Yì). The term 'Wushu' ('Martial Arts') was also occasionally used. The term 'Wushu' was, for example, found in a poem by Cheng Shao (1626–1644) from the Ming dynasty. In 1928 the 'officially sanctioned' name was changed to "national arts" (國術; guóshù) when the National Martial Arts Academy was established in Nanjing. The term reverted to Wushu under the People's Republic of China during the early 1950s.
The word Wǔ (武) means "Martial" and is composed of two parts: “walk” or “stop” (止; zhǐ) and “lance” (戈; gē). The term wushu being used for 'martial arts' goes back as far as the Liang Dynasty (502–557) in an anthology compiled by Xiao Tong (d. 531), called "Selected Literature" (文選; Wénxuǎn). The term is found in the second verse of a poem by Yan Yanzhi titled: Huang Taizi Shidian Hui Zuoshi (皇太子釋奠會作詩).
The great man grows the many myriad things . . .
Breaking away from the military arts,
He promotes fully the cultural mandates.
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