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Xorai
View on Wikipedia | This article may incorporate text from a large language model. (September 2025) |
The Xorai (Assamese pronunciation: [xɔɹaɪ]), a manufactured bell metal product is one of the traditional symbols of Assam, which is considered as an article of great respect by the people of Assam.[1][2][3] In simplistic terms it is an offering tray with a stand at the bottom which is used in felicitations also.[4][5] There are Xorais with or without a cover on the top. Hajo and Sarthebari are the most important centers of traditional bell-metal and brass crafts in Assam.[6]
Usage
[edit]- As an offering tray for tamul-pan (betel nuts and betel leaves) to guests as a sign of welcome and thanks.[7]
- As an offering tray for food and other items placed in front of the altar (naamghar) for blessing by the Lord.
- As a decorative symbol in traditional functions such as during Bihu dances (modern usage)
- As a gift to a person of honour during felicitations (modern usage)
History and Origin
[edit]The tradition of using the Xorai dates back to ancient Assam, with records suggesting its prevalence during the Ahom dynasty and earlier periods. It was traditionally used in royal courts, religious rituals, and community ceremonies. Over the centuries, the Xorai has remained a consistent symbol of honour and hospitality in Assamese culture.[8]
Manufacturing Process
[edit]Xorais are typically crafted using bell metal, an alloy of copper and tin. Traditional artisans, especially in Sarthebari and Hajo, follow a manual process that includes melting, casting, hammering, and engraving. The production requires exceptional skill, usually passed down through generations.[9]
Symbolism and Cultural Significance
[edit]In Assamese society, the Xorai is regarded as a sacred and symbolic object. It is often used to present offerings to guests, elders, and deities, embodying respect, purity, and goodwill. Its presence in religious and social rituals represents a deep-rooted cultural connection and spiritual reverence.[10]
Modern Adaptations
[edit]While the traditional use of the Xorai continues, it is increasingly adapted as a decorative and symbolic gift in modern settings. It is often presented during state ceremonies, academic convocations, and cultural festivals. Designer versions are also produced as showpieces or awards.[11]
Representation in Media and Events
[edit]Xorai is frequently showcased in Assamese literature, films, documentaries, and advertisements. During events like Assam Day, Rongali Bihu, and official state receptions, the Xorai is prominently displayed or gifted to dignitaries as a cultural ambassador of Assam.[12]
Comparison with Similar Items in Other Cultures
[edit]Objects similar to Xorai exist in other Asian cultures—for example, the thali in North India or phan in Thailand. However, the Xorai's craftsmanship, materials, and ceremonial function are unique to Assam, making it a distinct marker of the region’s heritage.[13]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Culture of Assam | ASSAM GOVERNMENT". assam.gov.in. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
- ^ Mathew, Elizabeth (2017-10-13). "Insider's guide: Assam to Mizoram". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
- ^ Baruah, Parthajit (2018-10-05). "Giving voice to the voiceless". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
- ^ "Rahul Gandhi's 49th Birthday: Glimpses from His Life in Pictures". News18. 2019-06-19. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
- ^ "Hima feted for her golden track feat". telegraphindia.com. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
- ^ "Time to give the makers a xorai". telegraphindia.com. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
- ^ "Sourav Ganguly speaks about MS Dhoni's position leading into the World Cup". Hindustan Times. 2018-10-22. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
- ^ "Assam's Xorai is more than just a metal artifact". Outlook Traveller. 2020-06-15. Retrieved 2025-07-23.
- ^ "Sarthebari: The Bell Metal Town of Assam". India.com. Retrieved 2025-07-23.
- ^ "An iconic symbol of Assamese culture: The Xorai". Down To Earth. Retrieved 2025-07-23.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "From Tradition to Trend: How Xorai Found Its Place in Modern Ceremonies". EastMojo. 2021-10-20. Retrieved 2025-07-23.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Xorai: An Emblem of Assamese Identity in Global Platforms". The Hills Times. Retrieved 2025-07-23.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Cultural Objects of the East: A Comparative Overview". Sahapedia. Retrieved 2025-07-23.[permanent dead link]