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16 Virginis
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| Observation data Epoch J2000.0 Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS) | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Virgo[1] |
| Right ascension | 12h 20m 20.98133s[2] |
| Declination | +03° 18′ 45.2604″[2] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 4.96[3] |
| Characteristics | |
| Evolutionary stage | red clump[4] |
| Spectral type | K0.5 IIIb Fe−0.5[5] |
| B−V color index | 1.16[3] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | +36.66±0.17[6] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: −292.95[2] mas/yr Dec.: −63.58[2] mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 10.59±0.25 mas[2] |
| Distance | 308 ± 7 ly (94 ± 2 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | +0.10[1] |
| Details | |
| Mass | 1.62[3] M☉ |
| Radius | 19.3[7] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 131.8[3] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 1.77[7] cgs |
| Temperature | 4,423±32[3] K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | −0.38[7] dex |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 4.2[8] km/s |
| Age | 3.22[3] Gyr |
| Other designations | |
| c Vir, 16 Vir, NSV 5558, BD+04°2604, HD 107328, HIP 60172, HR 4695, SAO 119341[9] | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
16 Virginis is a single[10] star in the zodiac constellation of Virgo, located about 308[2] light years from the Sun. It has the Bayer designation c Virginis; 16 Virginis is the Flamsteed designation. This object is visible to the naked eye as a faint, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.96.[3] This is an IAU radial velocity standard star;[11] it is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +37 km/s.[6] The star has a relatively high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at an angular rate of 0.301″ per year.[12]
In Chinese astronomy, 16 Virginis is called 謁者, Pinyin: Yèzhě, meaning Usher to the Court, because this star is marking itself and stand alone in Usher to the Court asterism, Supreme Palace enclosure mansion (see: Chinese constellation).[13]
This is an evolved K-type giant star with a stellar classification of K0.5 IIIb Fe−0.5,[5] where the suffix notation denotes a mild under-abundance of iron in the spectrum. It is a red clump giant, which indicates is on the horizontal branch generating energy via helium fusion at its core.[4] The interferometry-measured angular diameter of this star, after correcting for limb darkening, is 1.74±0.02 mas,[14] while the physical radius is about 19 times the radius of the Sun.[7] It is about three billion years old with 1.62 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 132 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,423 K.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012). "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation". Astronomy Letters. 38 (5): 331. arXiv:1108.4971. Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A. doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015. XHIP record for this object at VizieR.
- ^ a b c d e f van Leeuwen, F. (2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, arXiv:0708.1752, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID 18759600.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Luck, R. Earle (2015), "Abundances in the Local Region. I. G and K Giants", Astronomical Journal, 150 (3), 88, arXiv:1507.01466, Bibcode:2015AJ....150...88L, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/88, S2CID 118505114.
- ^ a b Alves, David R. (August 2000), "K-Band Calibration of the Red Clump Luminosity", The Astrophysical Journal, 539 (2): 732–741, arXiv:astro-ph/0003329, Bibcode:2000ApJ...539..732A, doi:10.1086/309278, S2CID 16673121.
- ^ a b Keenan, Philip C.; McNeil, Raymond C. (1989), "The Perkins catalog of revised MK types for the cooler stars", Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 71: 245, Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..245K, doi:10.1086/191373.
- ^ a b Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
- ^ a b c d Soubiran, C.; Creevey, O. L.; Lagarde, N.; Brouillet, N.; Jofré, P.; Casamiquela, L.; Heiter, U.; Aguilera-Gómez, C.; Vitali, S.; Worley, C.; De Brito Silva, D. (2024). "Gaia FGK benchmark stars: Fundamental Teff and log g of the third version". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 682: A145. arXiv:2310.11302. Bibcode:2024A&A...682A.145S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202347136.
- ^ Perdelwitz, V.; Trifonov, T.; Teklu, J. T.; Sreenivas, K. R.; Tal-Or, L. (2024). "Analysis of the public HARPS/ESO spectroscopic archive. Ca II H&K time series for the HARPS radial velocity database". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 683. arXiv:2311.12438. Bibcode:2024A&A...683A.125P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348263.
- ^ "c Vir". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2019-02-10.
- ^ Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (September 2008), "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 389 (2): 869–879, arXiv:0806.2878, Bibcode:2008MNRAS.389..869E, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x, S2CID 14878976.
- ^ Batten, A. H.; Crampton, D.; Fletcher, J. M.; Morbey, C. L. (1971), "Wavelength Standards for the Measurement of Radial Velocities", Publications of the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, 13: 441, Bibcode:1971PDAO...13..441B.
- ^ Lépine, Sébastien; Shara, Michael M. (March 2005), "A Catalog of Northern Stars with Annual Proper Motions Larger than 0.15" (LSPM-NORTH Catalog)", The Astronomical Journal, 129 (3): 1483–1522, arXiv:astro-ph/0412070, Bibcode:2005AJ....129.1483L, doi:10.1086/427854, S2CID 2603568.
- ^ Ridpath, Ian, "Virgo the Virgin", Startales.
- ^ Richichi, A.; Percheron, I.; Khristoforova, M. (February 2005), "CHARM2: An updated Catalog of High Angular Resolution Measurements", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 431 (2): 773–777, Bibcode:2005A&A...431..773R, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042039.
