The 2017 Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships, the 35th edition, was held in Pesaro, Italy, from 30 August to 3 September 2017. This was the first time that the World Championships were held in Italy.

Over 250 gymnasts from 53 countries competed. The event ambassador was Olympic champion Alina Kabaeva. This was the first World Championships with an ambassador. A reference jury was used to ensure accuracy and objectivity in scoring.

Every individual gold medal and all but one silver was won by the Russian identical twins Dina Averina and Arina Averina. In the apparatus finals, Dina won gold in hoop and clubs, while Arina won with ball and ribbon. Kaho Minagawa won the first individual World medal for Japan since 1975, a bronze with hoop, and Neviana Vladinova won Bulgaria's first individual medal since 2011 with bronze in ball, which she dedicated to her coach. Belarussian Katsiaryna Halkina was the only other gymnast to win silver, in clubs.

In the all-around, Dina won the gold, with Arina winning silver. Linoy Ashram from Israel won the bronze.

The Russian group won their second consecutive all-around competition. The Bulgarian group, whose members were all competing at their first World Championships, won silver, a result that they expressed surprise and joy about. The Japanese group won the bronze medal, the first time a Japanese group had won an all-around medal since the 1975 World Championships.

In the group apparatus finals, the Russian group won a second gold in the mixed apparatus finals, while the Italian group were the only non-Russians to win gold at the competition in the 5 hoops final; their performance received two standing ovations from the home crowd. The Japanese group won two further medals, silver in the mixed apparatus final and bronze with five hoops.

The Longines Prize for Elegance was awarded to Alexandra Agiurgiuculese. She was the first Italian to receive it.

The following federations sent gymnasts to the Championships: