Elections were held in California on November 5, 2024, with the statewide direct primary election being held on March 5, 2024.

California voters elected all of California's seats to the United States House of Representatives, one seat to the United States Senate, all of the seats of the California State Assembly, and all odd-numbered seats of the California State Senate. Additionally, they voted indirectly in the nationwide 2024 presidential election.

Pursuant to Proposition 14 passed in 2010, California uses a nonpartisan blanket primary for almost all races, with the presidential primary races being the notable exception. Under the nonpartisan blanket primary system, all the candidates for the same elected office, regardless of respective political party, run against each other at once during the primary. The candidates receiving the most and second-most votes in the primary election then become the contestants in the general election.

California has 54 votes in the Electoral College following the results of the 2020 census in which the state lost one vote due to redistricting. California is considered a strong blue state, voting for each Democratic Party candidate since 1992; in 2020, Joe Biden carried the state with 63.5% of the vote, the highest vote share of any candidate since 1936.

Presidential primaries were held in California on Super Tuesday, March 5, 2024. All six of the state's registered political parties held primary elections. California is a semi-closed primary state, in which independent voters may choose which party primary to vote in.

Following the death of Dianne Feinstein on September 29, 2023, incumbent Democratic senator Laphonza Butler was appointed to the seat by Governor Gavin Newsom. She has chosen not to run for a full term.

There were two elections on the ballot for the same Class 1 seat: a special election for the remainder of Feinstein's term expiring on January 3, 2025, and a regular election for the full term ending on January 3, 2031. Democratic U.S. representative Adam Schiff and Republican former baseball player Steve Garvey advanced to the general election in both the regular and special elections.

All of California's 52 seats to the United States House of Representatives will be up for election to two-year terms. Six members of Congress have chosen not to run for re-election, three of whom (Barbara Lee, Katie Porter, and Adam Schiff) chose instead to run in the aforementioned U.S. Senate election.