The 9M730 Burevestnik (Russian: Буревестник; "Storm petrel", NATO reporting name: SSC-X-9 Skyfall) is a Russian low-flying, nuclear-powered, nuclear-armed cruise missile under development for the Russian Armed Forces. According to the Russian Ministry of Defense, the missile's range is effectively unlimited.

The Burevestnik is one of the six new Russian strategic weapons unveiled by Russian President Vladimir Putin on 1 March 2018. This effort bears similarity to the discontinued US Project Pluto from 1957, which although functional, was perceived as too provocative, less effective than intercontinental ballistic missiles, and presented radiological emissions that made scheduling test flights difficult.

According to Russian Chief of the General Staff Valery Gerasimov, the missile flew 14,000 kilometres (8,700 mi) in a 15-hour flight on 21 October 2025.

Conventional rocket-propelled missiles have a limited flight time and range. Power from nuclear fission offers far more energy from a given mass of fuel which, if it could be used for propulsion, would hypothetically allow a missile to be launched far outside the defensive zone of a target, to take a circuitous route that avoids defenses, and to loiter for an extended period. However, according to Etienne Marcuz of the Foundation for Strategic Research its endurance would still be limited by the durability and lifespan of non-nuclear components and fluids in the system. The United States developed a Supersonic Low Altitude Missile nuclear-powered cruise missile during the 1950s, achieving successful full-power testing of Tory II-A and -C, but abandoned the project, in part due to the radioactive pollution produced by deployment.

The Russian defense industry began developing an intercontinental-range nuclear-powered cruise missile capable of penetrating any interceptor-based missile defense system in December 2001, after the USA abandoned the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty. According to Professor Mark Galeotti, this missile is a revived project from the Soviet times. It is said to have unlimited range and to be able to evade missile defenses. Russian news agency TASS reported in February 2019 that Burevestnik's nuclear power unit had been tested successfully.

According to a Russian newspaper, the missile was developed by All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Physics in Sarov, and it is manufactured by NPO Novator in Yekaterinburg. According to another Russian newspaper, "Burevestnik" will be adopted by the Russian military no sooner than 2027. Its adoption will not violate the terms of the nuclear arms reduction treaty between the United States and the Russian Federation (New START), which Russia suspended (but did not leave) on 21 February 2023.

The cruise missile was named Burevestnik (Storm petrel, a seabird) as a result of an open vote on the Ministry of Defence of Russia's website.

On 5 October 2023, Russian president Vladimir Putin claimed that the missile had been successfully flight-tested, though Western media sources such as the BBC cast doubt on this claim, noting that there was no independent confirmation. According to the Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) in 2024, an advocacy group focused on reducing nuclear, biological and emergent technology risks, "The Burevestnik has a poor test record of at least 13 known tests, with only two partial successes, since 2016".