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Al-Karmah offensive
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Al-Karmah offensive
The Al-Karmah offensive, codenamed Fajr al-Karma, was an offensive launched by the Iraqi Army and anti-IS Sunni tribal fighters to recapture the Al-Karmah district taken by the Islamic State in Iraq. The offensive began on 14 April 2015. During the offensive the anti-IS forces captured part of the city of Al-Karmah, and the old road of Al-Karmah.
In response to the Iraqi state offensive, IS launched a counterattack in the region, attacking Ramadi, capturing three nearby villages on 15 April, and taking control of the Tharthar Dam on 24 April. By 15 May IS had taken control over the Iraqi government headquarters in Ramadi.
The IS attack on Ramadi prompted 114,000 people to flee the region, according to UN officials, increasing the total number of refugees from Anbar since 2014 to over 400,000 people.
The Anbar Province in western Iraq is the country's largest and most sparsely populated province. Most of the population live in the major cities, like Ramadi and Fallujah, and almost everyone else in the region lives within a short distance of the Euphrates River, which snakes from Baghdad through the Syrian Border.
The largely Sunni population in Anbar was a stronghold for the Iraqi resistance during the US occupation of Iraq (2003–2011). After the Fallujah killings of April 2003 and the disbandment of the Iraqi army on 25 May 2003, many Sunni locals turned against the American occupiers. The disbandment put hundreds of thousands of Anbaris out of work as many were members of the Army or the party, and viewed its disbanding as an act of contempt towards the Iraqi people.
By 2004, the province was in full-scale revolt. Al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI) became the province's main Sunni insurgent group, and turned the provincial capital of Ramadi into its stronghold. Several battles, like Battle of Ramadi (2004), First Battle of Fallujah (April 2004), Second Battle of Fallujah (November–December 2004), Second Battle of Ramadi (2006), ravaged the region as the Iraqi insurgents struggled against the American occupiers for control of Anbar. During the first four years of Operation Iraqi Freedom, the Anbar Province was the deadliest province for American service members, claiming approximately one-third of American fatalities. Part of its significance came from the fact that the western Euphrates River Valley served as an important infiltration route for foreign fighters headed to Iraq's heartland from Syria.
In August 2006, several tribes located near Ramadi, led by Sheikh Abdul Sattar Abu Risha, revolted against AQI. The tribes launched the Anbar Awakening and helped turn the tide against the insurgents. American and Iraqi tribal forces regained control of Ramadi in early 2007, as well as other cities such as Hīt, Haditha, and Rutbah. In June 2007, the US turned its attention to eastern Anbar Province and secured the cities of Fallujah and Al-Karmah.
After the withdrawal of US troops from Iraq in 2011, the region was in 2014 run over by ISIL forces making Anbar their stronghold in Iraq. By late June 2014, at least 70% of the Anbar Province was under ISIL control, including the cities of Fallujah, Al-Qa'im, Abu Ghraib, and half of Ramadi.
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Al-Karmah offensive
The Al-Karmah offensive, codenamed Fajr al-Karma, was an offensive launched by the Iraqi Army and anti-IS Sunni tribal fighters to recapture the Al-Karmah district taken by the Islamic State in Iraq. The offensive began on 14 April 2015. During the offensive the anti-IS forces captured part of the city of Al-Karmah, and the old road of Al-Karmah.
In response to the Iraqi state offensive, IS launched a counterattack in the region, attacking Ramadi, capturing three nearby villages on 15 April, and taking control of the Tharthar Dam on 24 April. By 15 May IS had taken control over the Iraqi government headquarters in Ramadi.
The IS attack on Ramadi prompted 114,000 people to flee the region, according to UN officials, increasing the total number of refugees from Anbar since 2014 to over 400,000 people.
The Anbar Province in western Iraq is the country's largest and most sparsely populated province. Most of the population live in the major cities, like Ramadi and Fallujah, and almost everyone else in the region lives within a short distance of the Euphrates River, which snakes from Baghdad through the Syrian Border.
The largely Sunni population in Anbar was a stronghold for the Iraqi resistance during the US occupation of Iraq (2003–2011). After the Fallujah killings of April 2003 and the disbandment of the Iraqi army on 25 May 2003, many Sunni locals turned against the American occupiers. The disbandment put hundreds of thousands of Anbaris out of work as many were members of the Army or the party, and viewed its disbanding as an act of contempt towards the Iraqi people.
By 2004, the province was in full-scale revolt. Al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI) became the province's main Sunni insurgent group, and turned the provincial capital of Ramadi into its stronghold. Several battles, like Battle of Ramadi (2004), First Battle of Fallujah (April 2004), Second Battle of Fallujah (November–December 2004), Second Battle of Ramadi (2006), ravaged the region as the Iraqi insurgents struggled against the American occupiers for control of Anbar. During the first four years of Operation Iraqi Freedom, the Anbar Province was the deadliest province for American service members, claiming approximately one-third of American fatalities. Part of its significance came from the fact that the western Euphrates River Valley served as an important infiltration route for foreign fighters headed to Iraq's heartland from Syria.
In August 2006, several tribes located near Ramadi, led by Sheikh Abdul Sattar Abu Risha, revolted against AQI. The tribes launched the Anbar Awakening and helped turn the tide against the insurgents. American and Iraqi tribal forces regained control of Ramadi in early 2007, as well as other cities such as Hīt, Haditha, and Rutbah. In June 2007, the US turned its attention to eastern Anbar Province and secured the cities of Fallujah and Al-Karmah.
After the withdrawal of US troops from Iraq in 2011, the region was in 2014 run over by ISIL forces making Anbar their stronghold in Iraq. By late June 2014, at least 70% of the Anbar Province was under ISIL control, including the cities of Fallujah, Al-Qa'im, Abu Ghraib, and half of Ramadi.
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