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Al Khor (city)
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Al Khor (city)
Al Khor (Arabic: الخور, romanised: Al Khawr) is a coastal city in northeast Qatar, located 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of the capital Doha. Considered one of Qatar's largest cities, it is the capital of the municipality of Al Khor and Al Thakhira. Dating back to the 18th century, it is one of Qatar's oldest settlements. The name of the city, meaning creek in Arabic, emerged because the original settlement was built on a creek. Until the mid-1900s, it was known as Khor Al Shaqiq.
Originally a fishing and pearling village, much of Al Khor's recent growth has been due to its proximity to Qatar's northern oil and natural gas fields and to Ras Laffan Industrial City. Along with the neighbouring Al Khor Community, it hosts a large number of oil workers. Al Khor Island, an important archaeological and tourist site, is northeast of the city. It was also the venue for the opening game of the 2022 FIFA World Cup.
According to oral tradition, Al Khor was first settled by members of the Al Muhannadi tribe in the mid-18th century, possibly around 1750, making it one of the oldest settlements in the country. Various versions of the story exist, but one version states that two nomadic Al Muhannadi tribesmen, Mohammed bin Baddah and Majid Al Shuqairi, had gone in search of their missing camels. While searching, they discovered a stream of fresh water in a depression underneath a high ground, later to be known as Ain Hleetan. Further exploration also unveiled a suitable docking platform on a shallow tidal creek, which led to the area being settled by the whole of the Al Muhannadi tribe after relocating from their home in Al Khuwayr in northeast Qatar. According to an alternative version of this story, the two cousins stumbled upon Al Khor after unsuccessfully chasing down a hare, rather than searching for their lost camels.
It was decided that the name of the town would be prefixed with khor, which is the Arabic translation of "creek"; but multiple names were used in the settlement's initial stages. The two most popular names were 'Khor Al Muhanadah', named after the founding tribe, and 'Khor Al Shaqiq', which is named after the incision in the wood used in constructing sailboats, a craft for which the settlement was well known. Of these two, 'Khor Al Shaqiq' was the more commonly used variant. Carsten Niebuhr, an 18th-century German explorer who visited the Arabian Peninsula, created one of the first maps to depict the settlements of Qatar in 1765 in which he denoted Adsjar, possibly referring to Al Khor.
Primarily a pearl diving and fishing village, the majority of activity took place during the summer when the pearling season was in full swing. During the winter, the nomadic tribesmen would rear livestock throughout the interior. The locals fetched their drinking water from a well known as Ain Al Jahsha, located about 10 km (6.2 mi) to the west of the settlement. Another closer-by water source, Ain Hleetan, was also used by the residents, and some even believed that water obtained from Ain Hleetan possessed medicinal properties, leading it to gain the moniker of "the doctor".
In the 1820s, George Barnes Brucks carried out the first British survey of the Persian Gulf. He recorded the following notes about Al Khor, which he referred to as Khore Sheditch: "Khore Sheditch is a small boat harbour, to the southward of Ras Mut Buck, having from one and a half to two and a half fathoms water in it; its entrance is in lat. 25° 40' 10' N., long. 51° 34' 50' E. The point at the entrance of Khore Aegarah is in lat. 25° 43' 10" N., long. 51° 36' 40" E. The Khore is small, having only one fathom in it."
In the 19th century, several other tribes within the country began migrating to Khor Al Shaqiq as a result of its reputation and its well-known spring, Ain Hleetan. The two main tribes, Shahwan and Bani Hajer, soon intermarried with the Al Muhannadi tribe and formed new families, including the Al-Baddha, Al-Missned, Al-Hassan and Al Arbeed. Further migrants came from the Utub, Al Manasir, and Al Dawasir, as well as immigrants from Persia and Najd. As a result, Khor Al Shaqiq represented a wide range of cultures and ethnicities at the time. Around 1850, many of these tribes united to form the Al Muhannadi tribal confederation.
In 1871, the Ottoman Empire expanded its reach into Eastern Arabia. After establishing themselves on Al-Hasa coast, they advanced towards Qatar. Abdullah II Al-Sabah of Kuwait was sent to the town to secure a landing for the Ottoman troops, bringing with him four Ottoman flags for the most influential personages in Qatar. One of these flags was destined for Ali bin Abdul Aziz, the ruler of Khor Al Shaqiq.
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Al Khor (city)
Al Khor (Arabic: الخور, romanised: Al Khawr) is a coastal city in northeast Qatar, located 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of the capital Doha. Considered one of Qatar's largest cities, it is the capital of the municipality of Al Khor and Al Thakhira. Dating back to the 18th century, it is one of Qatar's oldest settlements. The name of the city, meaning creek in Arabic, emerged because the original settlement was built on a creek. Until the mid-1900s, it was known as Khor Al Shaqiq.
Originally a fishing and pearling village, much of Al Khor's recent growth has been due to its proximity to Qatar's northern oil and natural gas fields and to Ras Laffan Industrial City. Along with the neighbouring Al Khor Community, it hosts a large number of oil workers. Al Khor Island, an important archaeological and tourist site, is northeast of the city. It was also the venue for the opening game of the 2022 FIFA World Cup.
According to oral tradition, Al Khor was first settled by members of the Al Muhannadi tribe in the mid-18th century, possibly around 1750, making it one of the oldest settlements in the country. Various versions of the story exist, but one version states that two nomadic Al Muhannadi tribesmen, Mohammed bin Baddah and Majid Al Shuqairi, had gone in search of their missing camels. While searching, they discovered a stream of fresh water in a depression underneath a high ground, later to be known as Ain Hleetan. Further exploration also unveiled a suitable docking platform on a shallow tidal creek, which led to the area being settled by the whole of the Al Muhannadi tribe after relocating from their home in Al Khuwayr in northeast Qatar. According to an alternative version of this story, the two cousins stumbled upon Al Khor after unsuccessfully chasing down a hare, rather than searching for their lost camels.
It was decided that the name of the town would be prefixed with khor, which is the Arabic translation of "creek"; but multiple names were used in the settlement's initial stages. The two most popular names were 'Khor Al Muhanadah', named after the founding tribe, and 'Khor Al Shaqiq', which is named after the incision in the wood used in constructing sailboats, a craft for which the settlement was well known. Of these two, 'Khor Al Shaqiq' was the more commonly used variant. Carsten Niebuhr, an 18th-century German explorer who visited the Arabian Peninsula, created one of the first maps to depict the settlements of Qatar in 1765 in which he denoted Adsjar, possibly referring to Al Khor.
Primarily a pearl diving and fishing village, the majority of activity took place during the summer when the pearling season was in full swing. During the winter, the nomadic tribesmen would rear livestock throughout the interior. The locals fetched their drinking water from a well known as Ain Al Jahsha, located about 10 km (6.2 mi) to the west of the settlement. Another closer-by water source, Ain Hleetan, was also used by the residents, and some even believed that water obtained from Ain Hleetan possessed medicinal properties, leading it to gain the moniker of "the doctor".
In the 1820s, George Barnes Brucks carried out the first British survey of the Persian Gulf. He recorded the following notes about Al Khor, which he referred to as Khore Sheditch: "Khore Sheditch is a small boat harbour, to the southward of Ras Mut Buck, having from one and a half to two and a half fathoms water in it; its entrance is in lat. 25° 40' 10' N., long. 51° 34' 50' E. The point at the entrance of Khore Aegarah is in lat. 25° 43' 10" N., long. 51° 36' 40" E. The Khore is small, having only one fathom in it."
In the 19th century, several other tribes within the country began migrating to Khor Al Shaqiq as a result of its reputation and its well-known spring, Ain Hleetan. The two main tribes, Shahwan and Bani Hajer, soon intermarried with the Al Muhannadi tribe and formed new families, including the Al-Baddha, Al-Missned, Al-Hassan and Al Arbeed. Further migrants came from the Utub, Al Manasir, and Al Dawasir, as well as immigrants from Persia and Najd. As a result, Khor Al Shaqiq represented a wide range of cultures and ethnicities at the time. Around 1850, many of these tribes united to form the Al Muhannadi tribal confederation.
In 1871, the Ottoman Empire expanded its reach into Eastern Arabia. After establishing themselves on Al-Hasa coast, they advanced towards Qatar. Abdullah II Al-Sabah of Kuwait was sent to the town to secure a landing for the Ottoman troops, bringing with him four Ottoman flags for the most influential personages in Qatar. One of these flags was destined for Ali bin Abdul Aziz, the ruler of Khor Al Shaqiq.
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