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Alternative Social Movement
The Alternative Social Movement (Polish: Alternatywa Ruch Społeczny, ARS) was coalition of Polish political parties formed on 18 March 2001 in Warsaw for the 2001 Polish parliamentary election. The grouping was formed from a merger of Confederation of Independent Poland - Patriotic Camp (Polish: Konfederacja Polski Niepodległej - Obóz Patriotyczny, KPN-Ojczyzna) led by Michał Janiszewski, Tomasz Karwowski, and Janina Kraus, together with a group of politicians originating from the Christian National Union (ZChN), including Henryk Goryszewski and Mariusz Olszewski. The coalition was also joined by the Free Trade Union 'August 80' Confederation, led by Daniel Podrzycki and Bogusław Ziętek. The Alternative Social Movement was registered as a political party, and its members mainly became the activists of August 80.
In the 1997–2001 term of the Polish Sejm, ARS was represented by a parliamentary circle Alternative (Polish: Alternatywa), which included Michał Janiszewski, Tomasz Karwowski, Janina Kraus and Mariusz Olszewski (all elected in 1997 from the Solidarity Electoral Action lists). Henryk Goryszewski (also elected from the Solidarity Electoral Action list) was an unaffiliated MP at the time and remained a member of the Christian National Union. The party was a coalition of various political parties, such as Catholic nationalist ones, national conservatives, ecologists, nationalists socialists and lastly various left-wing activists and trade unionists. Ideologically, it was committed to both Catholic nationalism as well as national left, with the latter ultimately prevailing. The party then became a far-left, socialist and anti-capitalist Polish Labour Party - August 80.
The Alternative Social Movement came first from the circle of the Polish Green Party, that ran from the lists of the social-democratic, post-communist Democratic Left Alliance in the 1993 Polish parliamentary election. Elected green activists then established the Polish Ecological Club, and started cooperation with the liberal Christian-democrat Democratic Union, which was an anti-communist, post-Solidarność formation.
After the liberal Freedom Union was formed in 1994, the greens formed the Freedom Union Ecological Forum, a faction within the party which set itself the task of promoting ecological slogans. Greens continued to work with post-Solidarność parties through the Solidarity Electoral Action, a conservative, centre-right coalition of all parties related to Solidarity.
In 2000, the greens along with other future founders of the Alternative Social Movement formed the "People's National Bloc" (Polish: Blok Ludowo-Narodowy) with the far-left Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland (Samobrona) along with the trade union WZZ 'August '80' and the nationalist Polish Front. However, the new formation was unable to agree on whom it should field as its candidate in the 2000 Polish presidential election. As a result, the bloc was dissolved and the leader of Samoobrona, Andrzej Lepper, ran independently, capturing 3.05% of the popular vote. Samoobrona presented a Catholic socialist and an agrarian socialist program, and called for a return to socialism, with Lepper arguing that Polish socialism "had not yet reached full maturity". Despite its failure, the People's National Bloc was an important inspiration for creating a similar alliance for 2001.
This green-conservative cooperation then ended with 2001, where green activists decided to cooperate with various political circles, including nationalist and left-wing ones, to form the Alternative Social Movement, which became a conglomerate of numerous, ideologically distant political formations. It comprised, on the one hand, Catholic-nationalist circles led by the Confederation of Independent Poland and, on the other, the left-wing Free Trade Union 'August '80' . The unifying factor between the various elements of the committee was criticism of the policies, particularly neoliberal economic policies, pursued by Jerzy Buzek's government.
The party emerged in 2001 in opposition to the government of Jerzy Buzek led by the centre-right Solidarity Electoral Action. Evoking the disastrous economic situation and the financial policies of the government that further aggravated the crisis, the MPs representing the Alternative Social Movement demanded that Buzek resigns from his position of Prime Minister and dismisses his cabinet.
While the party was already registered in March 2001, Polish Electoral Commission revoked the previous decision to recognize the Alternative Social Movement as a registered party in August 2001. The leaders of the party lodged a complain to the Supreme Court against the State Electoral Commission, and stated that they will seak to annul the parliamentary elections through legal means if their deregistration was to upheld. The party also sought to turn to the Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg.
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Alternative Social Movement
The Alternative Social Movement (Polish: Alternatywa Ruch Społeczny, ARS) was coalition of Polish political parties formed on 18 March 2001 in Warsaw for the 2001 Polish parliamentary election. The grouping was formed from a merger of Confederation of Independent Poland - Patriotic Camp (Polish: Konfederacja Polski Niepodległej - Obóz Patriotyczny, KPN-Ojczyzna) led by Michał Janiszewski, Tomasz Karwowski, and Janina Kraus, together with a group of politicians originating from the Christian National Union (ZChN), including Henryk Goryszewski and Mariusz Olszewski. The coalition was also joined by the Free Trade Union 'August 80' Confederation, led by Daniel Podrzycki and Bogusław Ziętek. The Alternative Social Movement was registered as a political party, and its members mainly became the activists of August 80.
In the 1997–2001 term of the Polish Sejm, ARS was represented by a parliamentary circle Alternative (Polish: Alternatywa), which included Michał Janiszewski, Tomasz Karwowski, Janina Kraus and Mariusz Olszewski (all elected in 1997 from the Solidarity Electoral Action lists). Henryk Goryszewski (also elected from the Solidarity Electoral Action list) was an unaffiliated MP at the time and remained a member of the Christian National Union. The party was a coalition of various political parties, such as Catholic nationalist ones, national conservatives, ecologists, nationalists socialists and lastly various left-wing activists and trade unionists. Ideologically, it was committed to both Catholic nationalism as well as national left, with the latter ultimately prevailing. The party then became a far-left, socialist and anti-capitalist Polish Labour Party - August 80.
The Alternative Social Movement came first from the circle of the Polish Green Party, that ran from the lists of the social-democratic, post-communist Democratic Left Alliance in the 1993 Polish parliamentary election. Elected green activists then established the Polish Ecological Club, and started cooperation with the liberal Christian-democrat Democratic Union, which was an anti-communist, post-Solidarność formation.
After the liberal Freedom Union was formed in 1994, the greens formed the Freedom Union Ecological Forum, a faction within the party which set itself the task of promoting ecological slogans. Greens continued to work with post-Solidarność parties through the Solidarity Electoral Action, a conservative, centre-right coalition of all parties related to Solidarity.
In 2000, the greens along with other future founders of the Alternative Social Movement formed the "People's National Bloc" (Polish: Blok Ludowo-Narodowy) with the far-left Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland (Samobrona) along with the trade union WZZ 'August '80' and the nationalist Polish Front. However, the new formation was unable to agree on whom it should field as its candidate in the 2000 Polish presidential election. As a result, the bloc was dissolved and the leader of Samoobrona, Andrzej Lepper, ran independently, capturing 3.05% of the popular vote. Samoobrona presented a Catholic socialist and an agrarian socialist program, and called for a return to socialism, with Lepper arguing that Polish socialism "had not yet reached full maturity". Despite its failure, the People's National Bloc was an important inspiration for creating a similar alliance for 2001.
This green-conservative cooperation then ended with 2001, where green activists decided to cooperate with various political circles, including nationalist and left-wing ones, to form the Alternative Social Movement, which became a conglomerate of numerous, ideologically distant political formations. It comprised, on the one hand, Catholic-nationalist circles led by the Confederation of Independent Poland and, on the other, the left-wing Free Trade Union 'August '80' . The unifying factor between the various elements of the committee was criticism of the policies, particularly neoliberal economic policies, pursued by Jerzy Buzek's government.
The party emerged in 2001 in opposition to the government of Jerzy Buzek led by the centre-right Solidarity Electoral Action. Evoking the disastrous economic situation and the financial policies of the government that further aggravated the crisis, the MPs representing the Alternative Social Movement demanded that Buzek resigns from his position of Prime Minister and dismisses his cabinet.
While the party was already registered in March 2001, Polish Electoral Commission revoked the previous decision to recognize the Alternative Social Movement as a registered party in August 2001. The leaders of the party lodged a complain to the Supreme Court against the State Electoral Commission, and stated that they will seak to annul the parliamentary elections through legal means if their deregistration was to upheld. The party also sought to turn to the Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg.