The Aluku are a Bushinengue ethnic group living mainly on the riverbank in Maripasoula in southwest French Guiana. The group are sometimes called Boni, referring to the 18th-century leader, Bokilifu Boni.

The Aluku are an ethnic group in French Guiana whose people are descended from African slaves who escaped in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries from the Dutch plantations in what is now known as Suriname. Intermarrying with Native Americans, toward the end of the eighteenth century, they initially settled east of the Cottica River in what is nowadays the Marowijne District in Suriname. They were initially called Cottica-Maroons.

In 1760, the Ndyuka people who lived nearby, signed a peace treaty with the colonists offering them territorial autonomy. The Aluku also desired a peace treaty, however the Society of Suriname, started a war against them In 1768, the first village was discovered and destroyed.

In 1770, two other Maroon groups joined the tribe which became known as the Boni after their leader. Boni used guerilla tactics against the colonists, and kept retreating into the heavily guarded Fort Boekoe located in a swamp. On 20 September 1772, after seven months of fighting, an army of 300 freed slaves finally managed to conquer the fort. The Aluku moved southwards, and settled along the Lawa River, a river that formed the border between French Guiana and Suriname. The Ndyuka initially attacked them for encroaching into their territory. In late 1779, a peace treaty was signed between the two tribes, and Boni promised not to raid the Dutch plantations. During the period of peace, the Aluku had been approached by the French to settle on the river Mana. Boni did not trust them, and had ignored the offer.

Peace was maintained until 1788 when plantation Clarenbeek was attacked. In 1789, the neighbouring Ndyuka joined forces with the colonists, and by 1791 Lieutenant colonel Beutler had chased the remaining Aluku from Suriname into French Guiana. On 19 February 1793, Bokilifu Boni was killed by Bambi, a Ndyuka chief.

Between 1793 and 1837, the Aluku settled around Gaa Daï. During that period, there were close contacts with the Amerindian Wayana tribe with two tribes often living together in the same villages. In 1815 the Aluku and Wayana became blood brothers.

In 1836, the Navy chemist Le Prieux, who was on an expedition to the southern border of French Guiana, arrived at the Aluku. Le Prieux pretended that he was on an official mission, and made a peace treaty on behalf of the French State. He also installed Gongo as granman. When the Ndyuka granman Beeyman heard about this, he summoned Gongo and told him that the treaty was unacceptable. Fearing a French invasion, Beeyman mobilized his army. This turn of events, upset the Surinamese government who asked Gongo to stand down his army, and that they would contact the French Governor. On 9 November 1836 an agreement was signed between French Guiana and Suriname stating that Le Prieux had no authority whatsoever, and that the Aluku should leave the French territory and submit to the Ndyuka.

On 7 July 1841, a delegation of 12 people was sent to the French Governor to ask permission to settle on the Oyapock River, however 11 including granman Gongo were killed. Therefore, attempts at diplomacy were abandoned, and part of the tribe settled on the Lawa River where they founded the villages Pobiansi, Assissi, Puumofu and Kormontibo. In 1860, the Ndyuka, on the centennial of their autonomy, signed a peace treaty with the Aluku in Albina, and allowed them to settle in Abouna Sounga. The rapids near Abouna Sounga form the northern border of the Aluku lands; the southern border is the Litani River.