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Anarchism in Israel
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Anarchism in Israel
Anarchism in Israel has a history predating the State of Israel, having been observed in the early Kibbutz movement, among early Labor Zionists, as well as an organised movement in response to the establishment of a state following the 1948 Palestine war. Over time, the history of Israeli Anarchism has had a mixed and diachronically-shifting relationship with Zionism and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, with +972 Magazine publishing an article claiming anarchists were "the only group in Israel engaged in serious anti-occupation activism." Animal rights are notably popular among Israeli anarchists, even when compared to anarchist movements in other countries.
Uri Gordon estimated that there were up to 300 politically active anarchists in Israel circa 2007.
Numerous political movements, including Anarchism, Marxism, Zionism, and Bundist Anti-Zionism were popular among many secular European Jewish communities in the early 20th century in response to the heavy antisemitism present in Europe and the Haskalah or Jewish Enlightenment of the previous century.
Anarchist ideas circulated during early Jewish immigration to Palestine and were influential in the development of the Kibbutzim. The first 28 Kibbutzim were founded between 1910 and 1914 in a context of strikes and labor disputes. According to Uri Gordon, the initial founders of the Kibbutzim aimed to "create a free socialist society of Jews and Arabs in Palestine." Gustav Landauer was influential on some Kibbutzim activists.
The Hapoel Hatzair (English: The Young Worker) party produced papers discussing Proudhon and Kropotkin. The party's spiritual leader Aharon David Gordon was influenced by Hasidic mysticism, Friedrich Nietzsche and Tolstoy. He did not advocate for a Jewish state and called for cooperation with local Arab peasants. Many leftist Zionists rejected the idea of establishing a Jewish nation-state and promoted Jewish-Arab cooperation.
The Russian-born Zionist Joseph Trumpeldor declared himself an anarcho-communist and Zionist. He helped organise early Jewish self-defence forces and aimed to construct a "General Commune in Palestine". In the late 1920s, anarchist influence among Jewish immigrants began to decrease.
The establishment of the State of Israel was received with mixed feelings by many Jewish anarchists. The Holocaust exterminated roughly half of the world's Jewish population and had pushed many into supporting a Jewish state for protection from antisemitism. Many anarchists at the time also hoped Israel could move towards being an anarchist society. The wife of David Ben-Gurion, Paula Ben-Gurion, was an anarchist.
In the early 1950s, Noam Chomsky and his wife Carol Chomsky backpacked around Israel, briefly living on a Kibbutz.
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Anarchism in Israel
Anarchism in Israel has a history predating the State of Israel, having been observed in the early Kibbutz movement, among early Labor Zionists, as well as an organised movement in response to the establishment of a state following the 1948 Palestine war. Over time, the history of Israeli Anarchism has had a mixed and diachronically-shifting relationship with Zionism and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, with +972 Magazine publishing an article claiming anarchists were "the only group in Israel engaged in serious anti-occupation activism." Animal rights are notably popular among Israeli anarchists, even when compared to anarchist movements in other countries.
Uri Gordon estimated that there were up to 300 politically active anarchists in Israel circa 2007.
Numerous political movements, including Anarchism, Marxism, Zionism, and Bundist Anti-Zionism were popular among many secular European Jewish communities in the early 20th century in response to the heavy antisemitism present in Europe and the Haskalah or Jewish Enlightenment of the previous century.
Anarchist ideas circulated during early Jewish immigration to Palestine and were influential in the development of the Kibbutzim. The first 28 Kibbutzim were founded between 1910 and 1914 in a context of strikes and labor disputes. According to Uri Gordon, the initial founders of the Kibbutzim aimed to "create a free socialist society of Jews and Arabs in Palestine." Gustav Landauer was influential on some Kibbutzim activists.
The Hapoel Hatzair (English: The Young Worker) party produced papers discussing Proudhon and Kropotkin. The party's spiritual leader Aharon David Gordon was influenced by Hasidic mysticism, Friedrich Nietzsche and Tolstoy. He did not advocate for a Jewish state and called for cooperation with local Arab peasants. Many leftist Zionists rejected the idea of establishing a Jewish nation-state and promoted Jewish-Arab cooperation.
The Russian-born Zionist Joseph Trumpeldor declared himself an anarcho-communist and Zionist. He helped organise early Jewish self-defence forces and aimed to construct a "General Commune in Palestine". In the late 1920s, anarchist influence among Jewish immigrants began to decrease.
The establishment of the State of Israel was received with mixed feelings by many Jewish anarchists. The Holocaust exterminated roughly half of the world's Jewish population and had pushed many into supporting a Jewish state for protection from antisemitism. Many anarchists at the time also hoped Israel could move towards being an anarchist society. The wife of David Ben-Gurion, Paula Ben-Gurion, was an anarchist.
In the early 1950s, Noam Chomsky and his wife Carol Chomsky backpacked around Israel, briefly living on a Kibbutz.
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