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Magallanes Basin
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| Magallanes or Austral Basin | |
|---|---|
| Cuenca de Magallanes, Cuenca Austral | |
  | |
| Coordinates | 53°00′S 69°30′W / 53.000°S 69.500°W |
| Etymology | Strait of Magellan Austral = "south" |
| Location | Southern South America |
| Region | Patagonia |
| Country | Argentina Chile |
| State(s) | Santa Cruz Province Aysén & Magallanes Regions |
| Cities | Punta Arenas Ushuaia |
| Characteristics | |
| On/Offshore | Both |
| Boundaries | Andes, Río Chico-Dungeness High |
| Part of | Andean foreland basins |
| Area | 170,000–200,000 km2 (66,000–77,000 sq mi) |
| Hydrology | |
| Sea(s) | Southern Atlantic Ocean |
| River(s) | Shehuén River |
| Lake(s) | Viedma, Cardiel, Argentino, Pueyrredón, Fontana |
| Geology | |
| Basin type | Foreland basin |
| Orogeny | Andean |
| Age | Jurassic-Holocene |
| Stratigraphy | Stratigraphy |
| Field(s) | Chilean coal |
The Magallanes Basin[A] or Austral Basin[B] is a major sedimentary basin in southern Patagonia. The basin covers a surface of about 170,000 to 200,000 square kilometres (66,000 to 77,000 sq mi) and has a NNW-SSE oriented shape.[1][2] The basin is bounded to the west by the Andes mountains and is separated from the Malvinas Basin to the east by the Río Chico-Dungeness High.[1] The basin evolved from being an extensional back-arc basin in the Mesozoic to being a compressional foreland basin in the Cenozoic.[3] Rocks within the basin are Jurassic in age and include the Cerro Toro Formation.[4] Three ages of the SALMA classification are defined in the basin; the Early Miocene Santacrucian from the Santa Cruz Formation and Friasian from the Río Frías Formation and the Pleistocene Ensenadan from the La Ensenada Formation.
The Magallanes Basin contains most of Chile's coal reserves dwarfing those found in the Arauco Basin or around Valdivia (e.g. Catamutún, Mulpún). Its coals are lignitic to sub-bituminous.[5]
Stratigraphy
[edit]Aysén Basin
[edit]The northwesternmost reaches of the basin form a sub-basin known as Aysén Basin or Río Mayo Embayment. From top to bottom the fill the basin is:[6]
- Río Frías Formation (Friasian)
- Río Baguales Formation (Deseadan)
- Late Cretaceous volcanic rock
- Divisadero Group (Aptian to Albian)
- Coihaique Group (Late Jurassic to Aptian)
- Ibáñez Formation
Northwestern basin
[edit]In the Argentinian parts of the basin, the following formations have been registered from north to south:[7]
- Santa Cruz Formation (Santacrucian)
- Cerro Boleadoras Formation (Santacrucian)
- Río Jeinemeni Formation (Colhuehuapian)
- Monte León Formation (Deseadan to Colhuehuapian)
- San Julián Formation (Late Eocene to Early Miocene)
- Campo Bola Formation
- Asunción Formation
- Cardiel Formation (Maastrichtian)
- Mata Amarilla Formation (Albian to Santonian)
- Piedra Clavada Formation (Albian)
- Kachaike Formation (Aptian to Cenomanian)
- Río Tarde Formation
- Apeleg Formation
- Cerro Toro Formation (Turonian)
- Divisadero Group (Aptian to Albian)
- Río Belgrano Formation (Barremian to Aptian)
- Springhill Formation (Valanginian to Hauterivian)
- El Tranquilo Group (Late Triassic)
South-central basin
[edit]- La Ensenada Formation (Ensenadan)
- Cordillera Chica Formation
- Pinturas Formation (Santacrucian)
- Santa Cruz Formation (Santacrucian)
- Centinela Formation (Middle Eocene)
- Río Leona Formation
- Río Guillero Formation
- Man Aike Formation (Middle Eocene)
- Río Turbio Formation (Early to Late Eocene)
- Calafate Formation
- Cerro Dorotea Formation
- Chorrillo Formation (Maastrichtian)
- La Irene Formation (Maastrichtian)
- Monte Chico Formation (Maastrichtian)
- Cerro Fortaleza Formation (Cenomanian)
- Anita Formation
- Cerro Cazador Formation (Campanian to Maastrichtian)
- Alta Vista Formation (Early to Middle Campanian)
- Lago Sofía Formation
- Cerro Toro Formation (Turonian to Santonian)
- Río Mayer Formation (early Hauterivian to early Albian)
- Zapata Formation (Berriasian to Hauterivian)
- Springhill Formation (Berriasian to Barremian)
- Tobífera Formation (Late Jurassic)
Tierra del Fuego
[edit]- Irigoyen Formation
- Punta Basílica Formation
- Castillo Formation
- Loreto Formation (Priabonian - Divisaderan to Tinguirirican)
- Cabo Peña Formation
- Tchat Chii Formation
- Cerro Colorado Formation
- Leticia Formation (Bartonian)
- Punta Torcida Formation
- Arroyo Candelaria Formation
- Río Claro Formation
- Policarpo Formation
- Bahía Thetis Formation
- Cabeza de León Formation
- Arroyo Alfa Formation
- Yahgan Formation
- Beauvoir Formation (Albian)
- Nueva Argentina Formation
- Lemaire Formation
- Pampa Rincón Formation (Barremian to Aptian)
- Chon Aike Formation (Middle Jurassic to Berriasian)
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Chiefly used in Chile[citation needed]
- ^ Mainly used in Argentina[citation needed]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Gallardo, Rocío E. (2014). "Seismic sequence stratigraphy of a foreland unit inthe [sic] Magallanes-Austral Basin, Dorado Riquelme Block, Chile: Implications for deep-marine reservoirs". Latin American Journal of Sedimentology and Basin Analysis (in Spanish). 1221 (1). Retrieved 7 December 2015.
- ^ "Cuenca Austral". Secretaría de Energía (in Spanish). Government of Argentina. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
De una superficie total de 170.000 Km2, unos 23.000 Km2 pertenecen al área costa afuera.
- ^ Wilson, T.J. (1991). "Transition from back-arc to foreland basin development in the southernmost Andes: Stratigraphic record from the Ultima Esperanza District, Chile". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 103 (1): 98–111. Bibcode:1991GSAB..103...98W. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<0098:tfbatf>2.3.co;2.
- ^ Fosdick, Julie C. (2007). Late Miocene Exhumation of the Magallanes Basin and sub-Andean fold belt, southern Chile: New constrains from apatite U-Th/He thermochronology. Geological Society of America, Denver Annual Meeting (28–31 October 2007) Paper No. 123-15. Denver.
- ^ Hackley, Paul C.; Warwick, Peter D.; Alfaro, Guillermo H.; Cuebas, Rosenelsy M. (2006). "World Coal Quality Inventory: Chile" (PDF). World Coal Quality Inventory: South America (Report). USGS. pp. 90–131. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
- ^ Demant, A.; Suárez, M.; de la Cruz, R.; Bruguier, O (2010). "Early Cretaceous Surtseyan volcanoes of the Baño Nuevo Volcanic Complex (Aysén Basin, Eastern Central Patagonian Cordillera, Chile)". Geologica Acta. 8 (2): 207–219. doi:10.1344/105.000001530 (inactive 12 July 2025).
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link) - ^ Pérez Panera, 2010, p.52
Bibliography
[edit]- Cretaceous
- Pérez Panera, Juan Pablo (2010), Sistemática y bioestratigrafía de los nanofósiles calcáreos del Cretácico del sudeste de la Cuenca Austral, Santa Cruz, Argentina (PhD thesis), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, pp. 1–450
- Neogene
- Abello, María Alejandra; Rubilar Rogers, David (2012), "Revisión del género Abderites Ameghino, 1887 (Marsupialia, Paucituberculata)", Ameghiniana, 49 (2): 164–184, doi:10.5710/AMGH.v49i2(408), retrieved 2019-02-15
- Arnal, M.; Vucetich, M.G. (2015), "Revision of the fossil rodent Acaremys Ameghino, 1887 (Hystricognathi, Octodontoidea, Acaremyidae) from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina) and the description of a new acaremyid", Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology, 27 (1): 42–59, retrieved 2019-02-13
- Bellosi, Eduardo S. (2014), Ambientes asociados a la fauna Friasense (Mioceno Medio) en Alto río Cisnes (Aysén, Chile), XIV Reuñión Argentina de Sedimentología, pp. 40–41, retrieved 2018-09-10
- Bostelmann, J.E. (2012), The Alto Río Cisnes Fossil Fauna (Río Frías Formation, Early-Middle Miocene, Friasian SALMA): A keystone and paradigmatic vertebrate assemblage of the South American Fossil Record, III Simposio Paleontología en Chile, pp. 44–45, retrieved 2018-09-10
- Dal Molín, C.N.; Colombo, F. (2003), "Sedimentación neógena en la Cuenca del Río Zeballos y del Río Jeinemeni (47° Latitud Sur) Antepaís patagónico Argentina" (PDF), Geogaceta, 34: 139–142, retrieved 2018-09-10
- Góis, Flávio; González Ruiz, Laureano Raúl; Scillato Yané, Gustavo Juan; Soibelzon, Esteban (2015), "A Peculiar New Pampatheriidae (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Cingulata) from the Pleistocene of Argentina and Comments on Pampatheriidae Diversity", PLoS ONE, 10 (6) e0128296, Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1028296G, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128296, hdl:11336/82694, PMC 4470999, PMID 26083486
- Kramarz, Alejandro G.; Bond, Mariano (2005), "Los Litopterna (Mammalia) de la Formación Pinturas, Mioceno Temprano-Medio de Patagonia", Ameghiniana, 42: 611–625, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Kramarz, Alejandro G (2001), Estudio de la fauna de roedores de la Formación Pinturas, Mioceno medio inferior de la Provincia de Santa Cruz (PhD thesis) (PDF), Universidad de Buenos Aires, pp. 1–300, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Le Roux, Jacobus P.; Puratich, Jacqueline; Mourgues, F. Amaro; Oyarzún, José Luis; Otero, Rodrigo A.; Torres, Teresa; Hervé, Francisco (2010), "Estuary deposits in the Río Baguales Formation (Chattian-Aquitanean), Magallanes Province, Chile" (PDF), Andean Geology, 37: 329–344, retrieved 2017-10-25
- Marshall, Larry G. (1990), "Fossil Marsupialia from the type Friasian land mammal age (Miocene), Alto Río Cisnes, Aisén, Chile", Revista Geológica de Chile, 17: 19–55, retrieved 2017-10-21
- Marshall, Larry G.; Salinas, Patricia (1990), "Stratigraphy of the Río Frías Formation (Miocene) along the Alto Río Cisnes, Aisén, Chile", Revista Geológica de Chile, 17: 57–87, archived from the original on May 21, 2018, retrieved 2017-10-21
- Náñez, Carolina; Quattrocchio, Mirta E.; Ruiz, Liliana (2009), "Palinología y micropaleontología de las Formaciones San Julián y Monte León (Oligoceno - Mioceno temprano) en el subsuelo de cabo Curioso, provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina", Ameghiniana, 46: 669–693, retrieved 2017-08-15
- Picasso, Mariana B.J.; Degrange, Federico J. (2009), "El género Nothura (Aves, Tinamidae) en el Pleistoceno (Formación Ensenada) de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina", Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, 26: 428–432, retrieved 2018-09-10
- Tonni, E.P. (1999), "The Ensenada and Buenos Aires formations (Pleistocene) in a quarry near La Plata, Argentina" (PDF), Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 12 (3): 273–291, Bibcode:1999JSAES..12..273T, doi:10.1016/S0895-9811(99)00021-8, archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-09-11, retrieved 2018-09-10
- Verzi, Diego H.; Olivares, A. Itatí; Morgan, Cecilia C. (2017), "Systematics and evolutionary significance of the small Abrocomidae from the early Miocene of southern South America", Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology, 29 (3): 411–422, Bibcode:2017HBio...29..411V, doi:10.1080/08912963.2016.1168410, hdl:11336/56470, retrieved 2019-02-12
- Vizcaíno, Sergio F.; Kay, Richard F.; Bargo, Susana (2012), Early Miocene Paleobiology in Patagonia: High-Latitude Paleocommunities of the Santa Cruz Formation, Cambridge University Press, pp. 1–370, ISBN 978-0-521-19461-7, retrieved 2017-10-21
Further reading
[edit]- Bally, A.W.; Snelson, S. (1980), "Realms of subsidence", Canadian Society for Petroleum Geology Memoir, 6: 9–94
- Kingston, D.R.; Dishroon, C.P.; Williams, P.A. (1983), "Global Basin Classification System" (PDF), AAPG Bulletin, 67: 2175–2193, retrieved 2017-06-23
- Klemme, H.D (1980), "Petroleum Basins - Classifications and Characteristics", Journal of Petroleum Geology, 3 (2): 187–207, Bibcode:1980JPetG...3..187K, doi:10.1111/j.1747-5457.1980.tb00982.x
- Moreno, Teresa; Gibbons, Wes (2006), Geology of Chile (PDF), Geological Society of London, pp. 1–396, ISBN 978-1-86239-219-9, retrieved 2018-09-06
Major South American geological features | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tectonic plates |  | ||||
| Cratons and shields | |||||
| Structures undergoing subduction | |||||
| Faults and shear zones | |||||
| Rifts and grabens | |||||
| Sedimentary basins | |||||
| Orogenies | |||||
| Metallogenetic provinces | |||||
| Volcanism |
| ||||
Sedimentary basins of Argentina | ||
|---|---|---|
| Onshore & offshore |  | |
| Offshore | ||
| Sources | Álvarez Pontoriero, O.; Giménez, M.; Braitemberg, C.; Martínez, M.; Ruíz, F.; Introcaso, A.; Guspí, F. (2011). Principales cuencas sedimentarias de Argentina, interpretadas mediante Gravimetría Satelital. VIII Congreso de Exploración y Desarrollo de Hidrocarburos. pp. 13–20. Retrieved 2018-08-28. Mapa de cuencas sedimentarias (Map). YPF. p. 1. Retrieved 2018-08-28. | |
