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Baby Shark

"Baby Shark" is a children's song associated with a dance involving hand movements dating back to the late 20th century. In 2016, "Baby Shark" became immensely popular when Pinkfong, a South Korean entertainment company, released a version of the song on June 17, 2016, with a YouTube music video which went viral on social media, in online videos, and on the radio. In November 2020, Pinkfong's version became the most-viewed YouTube video of all time, after gaining 7.04 billion views. In January 2022, it became the first YouTube video to reach 10 billion views.

The original song dates back to the 20th century. Various entities have tried to copyright original videos and sound recordings of the song, but according to The New York Times, the underlying song and characters are believed to be in the public domain, as the song has been a popular camp singalong for decades.

A dance version of "Baby Shark" was popularized in the 2007 YouTube video "Kleiner Hai" (German for Little Shark) published by Alexandra Müller, also known by her stage name Alemuel [de]. This version, set to the theme of Jaws, tells the story of a baby shark who grows up and eats a swimmer. The video quickly gained popularity. The single peaked at 25th in the German charts and at 21st in the Austrian charts. The German version of the song remains popular among German youth groups, and multiple variations, also in different dialects of German, have been published.

Jonathan Wright, a children's entertainer from Endwell, New York, known as Johnny Only, was a DJ at a kids' summer camp in the 1990s where the counselors regularly performed the song with the campers. He saw how engaged and animated the campers were when "Baby Shark" was performed. When he became a full-time children's entertainer, he released a version of the song aimed at toddlers by removing any violent imagery, instead focusing on the family. The version was released in 2011, five years before the Pinkfong version of "Baby Shark" became a global phenomenon.

"Baby Shark" was greatly popularized by a version of the song produced by Pinkfong, an education brand owned by South Korean entertainment company SmartStudy. The original music video for "Baby Shark" (Korean아기 상어; RRAgi sangeo) without child actors was uploaded on November 25, 2015. All videos related to Pinkfong's song had gained about 5 billion views by January 2020. The most popular version of Pinkfong's videos, "Baby Shark Dance", was uploaded on June 17, 2016. This version was sung by then-10-year-old Korean-American singer Hope Segoine, and the music video featured two child actors, Park Geon Roung of South Korea and Elaine Kim Johnston of New Zealand. On November 2, 2020, more than four years after it was first uploaded, this version amassed 7.04 billion views to become the most-viewed YouTube video of all time, surpassing Luis Fonsi's "Despacito".

The song starts with bars from Antonín Dvořák's Symphony No. 9, which sounds similar to music from the film Jaws. "Baby Shark" features a family of sharks that hunt a school of fish which escape to safety. It became a viral video in Indonesia in 2017, and throughout the year it spread to many other Asian countries, particularly those in Southeast Asia. The related mobile app surpassed 150 million downloads and was top ranked in 112 countries in 2017.

"Baby Shark Dance" is the most-viewed and most-liked video on YouTube. Due to a 2013 change that the Billboard Hot 100 music charts made to account for online viewership of YouTube videos, "Baby Shark" broke into the Billboard Hot 100 at number 32 during the week of January 7, 2019.

Due to its popularity, this version of the song has spurred an online dance craze, which is sometimes referred to as the Baby Shark Challenge. It has been cited as "the next big thing after the domination of Gangnam Style". K-pop groups including Blackpink and Red Velvet have been credited with further spreading the viral song through their coverage of the song and dance, specifically on their featured TV shows and concerts. Other popular K-pop groups, both locally- and internationally known, have also sung and danced to the song in the original beat or in their own renditions that are shared on the internet, including Twice, Monsta X, Got7, and Mamamoo, among others. The song began to go viral in the Western world in August 2018.

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