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Bisulfite
The bisulfite ion (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogensulfite) is the ion HSO−
3. Salts containing the HSO−
3 ion are also known as "sulfite lyes". Sodium bisulfite is used interchangeably with sodium metabisulfite (Na2S2O5). Sodium metabisulfite dissolves in water to give a solution of Na+HSO−
3.
The bisulfite anion exists in solution as a mixture of two tautomers. One tautomer has the proton attached to one of the three oxygen atoms. In the second tautomer the proton resides on sulfur. The S-protonated tautomer has C3v symmetry. The O-protonated tautomer has only Cs symmetry.
There exist two tautomers of bisulfite. They interconvert readily but can be characterized individually by various spectroscopic methods. They have been observed by 17O NMR spectroscopy:
Solutions of bisulfite are typically prepared by treatment of sulfur dioxide with aqueous base:
HSO−
3 is the conjugate base of sulfurous acid, (H2SO3).
HSO−
3 is a weak acidic species with a pKa of 6.97. Its conjugate base is sulfite, SO2−
3:
Attempted isolation of the common salts of bisulfite results in dehydration of the anion with formation of metabisulfite (S
2O2−
5), also known as disulfite:
Because of this equilibrium, anhydrous sodium and potassium salts of bisulfite cannot be obtained. However, there are some reports of anhydrous bisulfites with large counter ions.
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Bisulfite
The bisulfite ion (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogensulfite) is the ion HSO−
3. Salts containing the HSO−
3 ion are also known as "sulfite lyes". Sodium bisulfite is used interchangeably with sodium metabisulfite (Na2S2O5). Sodium metabisulfite dissolves in water to give a solution of Na+HSO−
3.
The bisulfite anion exists in solution as a mixture of two tautomers. One tautomer has the proton attached to one of the three oxygen atoms. In the second tautomer the proton resides on sulfur. The S-protonated tautomer has C3v symmetry. The O-protonated tautomer has only Cs symmetry.
There exist two tautomers of bisulfite. They interconvert readily but can be characterized individually by various spectroscopic methods. They have been observed by 17O NMR spectroscopy:
Solutions of bisulfite are typically prepared by treatment of sulfur dioxide with aqueous base:
HSO−
3 is the conjugate base of sulfurous acid, (H2SO3).
HSO−
3 is a weak acidic species with a pKa of 6.97. Its conjugate base is sulfite, SO2−
3:
Attempted isolation of the common salts of bisulfite results in dehydration of the anion with formation of metabisulfite (S
2O2−
5), also known as disulfite:
Because of this equilibrium, anhydrous sodium and potassium salts of bisulfite cannot be obtained. However, there are some reports of anhydrous bisulfites with large counter ions.