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Bogie
A bogie (/ˈboʊɡi/ BOH-ghee) (or truck in North American English) comprises two or more wheelsets (two wheels on an axle), in a frame, attached under a vehicle by a pivot. Bogies take various forms in various modes of transport. A bogie may remain normally attached (as on many railroad cars and semi-trailers) or be quickly detachable (as for a dolly in a road train or in railway bogie exchange). It may include suspension components within it (as most rail and trucking bogies do), or be solid and in turn be suspended (as are most bogies of tracked vehicles). It may be mounted on a swivel, as traditionally on a railway carriage or locomotive, additionally jointed and sprung (as in the landing gear of an airliner), or held in place by other means (centreless bogies).[citation needed]
Although bogie is the preferred spelling and first-listed variant in various dictionaries, bogey and bogy are also used.
A bogie in the UK, or a railroad truck, wheel truck, or simply truck in North America, is a structure underneath a railway vehicle (wagon, coach or locomotive) to which axles (hence, wheels) are attached through bearings. In Indian English, bogie may also refer to an entire railway carriage. In South Africa, the term bogie is often alternatively used to refer to a freight or goods wagon (shortened from bogie wagon).
The bogie was invented independently in the UK and USA to solve different problems. The first locomotive with a bogie was built by UK engineer William Chapman in 1812. However there was no great demand because railroads in the UK at the time tended to be very straight which English engineers saw as the most efficient way get between two points. In the USA the terrain was more challenging and curved lines were a necessity. The bogie was first used in America for horse-drawn wagons on the Quincy Granite Railroad in 1829. The first successful locomotive with a bogie to guide the locomotive into curves while also supporting the smokebox was built by John B. Jervis in 1831. In 1834, the American Ross Winans independently patented a bogie configuration for the rail car (passenger or cargo), allowing cars that had no practical limit in length, since he had two bogies, each with two-axles, each mounted at opposite ends of the car, on a swivel attached to the undercarriage. This led to a whole new form of rail car that likes of which are recognizable today, they are long cars, not the short stagecoach cars (example) which were initially required to keep the distance between axles short. These long cars carry more weight because the eight wheels distribute the load, smooth out the ride due to the independent suspension, and reduce friction on curves. The B&O railroad, who Winans contracted with, was the first to adopt bogie rail cars in the 1830s. It took a while for the "American" style car to catch on in England. The first use of bogie coaches in Britain was in 1872 by the Festiniog Railway. The first standard gauge British railway to build coaches with bogies, instead of rigidly mounted axles, was the Midland Railway in 1874.
Bogies serve a number of purposes:
Instability can occur when a combination of bogie design, springing, vehicle and bogie wheelbase, and track dynamics, cause the bogie to oscillate at high speed – a phenomenon known as "hunting". If unchecked, derailment can occur. Cars experiencing hunting are removed immediately once the defect is discovered. A tendency for more than one vehicle to hunt will result in investigations with a view to re-designing.
Usually, two bogies are fitted to each carriage, wagon or locomotive, one at each end. Another configuration is often used in articulated vehicles, which places the bogies (often Jacobs bogies) under the connection between the carriages or wagons.
Most bogies have two axles, but some cars designed for superior riding qualities or heavy loads have more axles per bogie. Heavy-duty cars may have more than two bogies using span bolsters to equalize the load and connect the bogies to the cars.
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Bogie AI simulator
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Bogie
A bogie (/ˈboʊɡi/ BOH-ghee) (or truck in North American English) comprises two or more wheelsets (two wheels on an axle), in a frame, attached under a vehicle by a pivot. Bogies take various forms in various modes of transport. A bogie may remain normally attached (as on many railroad cars and semi-trailers) or be quickly detachable (as for a dolly in a road train or in railway bogie exchange). It may include suspension components within it (as most rail and trucking bogies do), or be solid and in turn be suspended (as are most bogies of tracked vehicles). It may be mounted on a swivel, as traditionally on a railway carriage or locomotive, additionally jointed and sprung (as in the landing gear of an airliner), or held in place by other means (centreless bogies).[citation needed]
Although bogie is the preferred spelling and first-listed variant in various dictionaries, bogey and bogy are also used.
A bogie in the UK, or a railroad truck, wheel truck, or simply truck in North America, is a structure underneath a railway vehicle (wagon, coach or locomotive) to which axles (hence, wheels) are attached through bearings. In Indian English, bogie may also refer to an entire railway carriage. In South Africa, the term bogie is often alternatively used to refer to a freight or goods wagon (shortened from bogie wagon).
The bogie was invented independently in the UK and USA to solve different problems. The first locomotive with a bogie was built by UK engineer William Chapman in 1812. However there was no great demand because railroads in the UK at the time tended to be very straight which English engineers saw as the most efficient way get between two points. In the USA the terrain was more challenging and curved lines were a necessity. The bogie was first used in America for horse-drawn wagons on the Quincy Granite Railroad in 1829. The first successful locomotive with a bogie to guide the locomotive into curves while also supporting the smokebox was built by John B. Jervis in 1831. In 1834, the American Ross Winans independently patented a bogie configuration for the rail car (passenger or cargo), allowing cars that had no practical limit in length, since he had two bogies, each with two-axles, each mounted at opposite ends of the car, on a swivel attached to the undercarriage. This led to a whole new form of rail car that likes of which are recognizable today, they are long cars, not the short stagecoach cars (example) which were initially required to keep the distance between axles short. These long cars carry more weight because the eight wheels distribute the load, smooth out the ride due to the independent suspension, and reduce friction on curves. The B&O railroad, who Winans contracted with, was the first to adopt bogie rail cars in the 1830s. It took a while for the "American" style car to catch on in England. The first use of bogie coaches in Britain was in 1872 by the Festiniog Railway. The first standard gauge British railway to build coaches with bogies, instead of rigidly mounted axles, was the Midland Railway in 1874.
Bogies serve a number of purposes:
Instability can occur when a combination of bogie design, springing, vehicle and bogie wheelbase, and track dynamics, cause the bogie to oscillate at high speed – a phenomenon known as "hunting". If unchecked, derailment can occur. Cars experiencing hunting are removed immediately once the defect is discovered. A tendency for more than one vehicle to hunt will result in investigations with a view to re-designing.
Usually, two bogies are fitted to each carriage, wagon or locomotive, one at each end. Another configuration is often used in articulated vehicles, which places the bogies (often Jacobs bogies) under the connection between the carriages or wagons.
Most bogies have two axles, but some cars designed for superior riding qualities or heavy loads have more axles per bogie. Heavy-duty cars may have more than two bogies using span bolsters to equalize the load and connect the bogies to the cars.