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CYP27C1
CYP27C1 (cytochrome P450, family 27, subfamily C, polypeptide 1) or cytochrome P450 27C1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYP27C1 gene. The Enzyme Commission number (EC) for this protein is EC 1.14.19.53. The full accepted name is all-trans-retinol 3,4-desaturase and the EC number 1 classifies CYP27C1 as a oxidoreductase that acts on paired donor by reducing oxygen. It is also identifiable by the UniProt code Q4G0S4.
This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids.
The main function of the CYP27C1 enzyme is conversion of vitamin A1 (all-trans retinol) to vitamin A2 (all-trans 3,4-dehydroretinal).
The basic reaction for CYP27C1 is as follows:
The initial substrate for this reaction is ordinary retinol, which can come from a number of vitamers all known as vitamin A.
The catalytic efficiency of CYP27C1 was assessed for all trans-retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid, and was highest for retinol, indicating that this enzyme is primed to convert vitamin A1 to A2. It does also convert all trans retinal, retinoic acid, and 11-cis retinal.
Thyroid hormones (TH) may play a role in inducing this change, as TH receptors have been shown to regulate CYP27C1 within the retinal pigment epithelium. TH nuclear receptors thraa-I-, thrab-I-, and thrb-I- were needed for the successful conversion of vitamin A, however, no one receptor was identified as being absolutely necessary.
CYP27C1 is predicted to have many alpha helices and to be globular in shape. It is unclear where the active site lies in the protein, but there is a low confidence loop region that would be able to fit a molecule of retinol.
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CYP27C1
CYP27C1 (cytochrome P450, family 27, subfamily C, polypeptide 1) or cytochrome P450 27C1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYP27C1 gene. The Enzyme Commission number (EC) for this protein is EC 1.14.19.53. The full accepted name is all-trans-retinol 3,4-desaturase and the EC number 1 classifies CYP27C1 as a oxidoreductase that acts on paired donor by reducing oxygen. It is also identifiable by the UniProt code Q4G0S4.
This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids.
The main function of the CYP27C1 enzyme is conversion of vitamin A1 (all-trans retinol) to vitamin A2 (all-trans 3,4-dehydroretinal).
The basic reaction for CYP27C1 is as follows:
The initial substrate for this reaction is ordinary retinol, which can come from a number of vitamers all known as vitamin A.
The catalytic efficiency of CYP27C1 was assessed for all trans-retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid, and was highest for retinol, indicating that this enzyme is primed to convert vitamin A1 to A2. It does also convert all trans retinal, retinoic acid, and 11-cis retinal.
Thyroid hormones (TH) may play a role in inducing this change, as TH receptors have been shown to regulate CYP27C1 within the retinal pigment epithelium. TH nuclear receptors thraa-I-, thrab-I-, and thrb-I- were needed for the successful conversion of vitamin A, however, no one receptor was identified as being absolutely necessary.
CYP27C1 is predicted to have many alpha helices and to be globular in shape. It is unclear where the active site lies in the protein, but there is a low confidence loop region that would be able to fit a molecule of retinol.
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