Chamchamal (Kurdish: چهمچهماڵ, romanized: Çemçemal,[1][2] Arabic: جمجمال) is a town located in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. it is the town which is nearest located to the disputed territories of Northern Iraq. Chamchamal is home to the Gorani-speaking Kurdish Hamawand tribe.[3]
The city is a 30 minutes drive east from Kirkuk and an hour west of Sulaymaniyah.[4] The population was 58,000 in 2003.[4] The population in 2018 was 65,300 people, the vast majority being Kurds.
The city has a historic citadel, and early Western observers of the region speculated that it has been inhabited since the Sassanid period.[5] The Chamchamal valley is also home to important paleolithic sites of Jarmo and Zarzi.[6] The city broke away from Kirkuk Governorate in 1976 and was given to Sulaymaniyah Governorate.
| Climate data for Chamchamal | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) |
12.2 (54.0) |
16.6 (61.9) |
22.6 (72.7) |
30.1 (86.2) |
36.7 (98.1) |
40.4 (104.7) |
40.2 (104.4) |
36.2 (97.2) |
29.5 (85.1) |
20.1 (68.2) |
13.0 (55.4) |
25.7 (78.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.3 (34.3) |
2.5 (36.5) |
6.0 (42.8) |
10.6 (51.1) |
15.8 (60.4) |
21.3 (70.3) |
24.6 (76.3) |
24.7 (76.5) |
20.3 (68.5) |
14.9 (58.8) |
8.6 (47.5) |
3.3 (37.9) |
12.8 (55.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 126 (5.0) |
104 (4.1) |
108 (4.3) |
60 (2.4) |
29 (1.1) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
5 (0.2) |
47 (1.9) |
86 (3.4) |
565 (22.2) |
| Source: Climate-data.org | |||||||||||||
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