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Chen Ping (Han dynasty)
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Chen Ping (Han dynasty)
Chen Ping (陳平; died c. November 179 BC), posthumously known as Marquis Xian of Quni (曲逆献侯), was a Chinese politician who served as a chancellor during the early Han dynasty. He was a key adviser to Liu Bang (Emperor Gaozu), the founding emperor of the Han dynasty, and had played a significant role in aiding Liu Bang overcome his rival Xiang Yu during the Chu–Han Contention (206–202 BC).
Chen Ping was born in a peasant family in Huyou Town (戶牖鄉), Yangwu County (陽武縣), which is in present-day Lankao County, Henan. As his parents died when he was young, he was raised by his elder brother, who worked as a farmer on the 30 mu of land owned by their family. Since he was a child, he was known for being studious and for having an ambition to serve the country.
Not long later, the townsfolk nominated Chen Ping to be their shezai (社宰; a local leader). Chen Ping distributed meat equally to his fellow townsfolk, and they praised him for being just and fair. Chen Ping once said, "If I can manage the world, I'll manage it in the same manner as I distribute meat, so that all the people in the world will never be poor and hungry."
In 209 BC, when rebellions broke out throughout China against the Qin dynasty, Chen Ping joined one of the more prominent rebel groups led by Xiang Yu. After the Qin dynasty was overthrown in late 207 BC, Xiang Yu and his forces occupied Xianyang, the former Qin capital, and plundered and pillaged the city. Around this time, Chen Ping left Xiang Yu and joined another prominent rebel leader, Liu Bang, who appointed him as Lieutenant Who Protects the Nation (護國中尉).
From 206 to 202 BC, a power struggle, historically known as the Chu–Han Contention, broke out between Liu Bang and Xiang Yu, who were vying for supremacy over China. During this time, Chen Ping, as an adviser to Liu Bang, came up with numerous plans – making extensive use of espionage and sabotage – to help his lord overcome Xiang Yu.
During the Battle of Xingyang in 204 BC, Chen Ping suggested to Liu Bang to disguise himself and escape from the city while it was on the verge of falling to Xiang Yu's forces. In June or July, Ji Xin, one of Liu Bang's followers, disguised himself as his lord and pretended to surrender to Xiang Yu, sacrificing his life in the process to buy time for Liu Bang to escape.
Chen Ping also played a key role in the downfall of Fan Zeng, Xiang Yu's chief adviser. He had sent spies to infiltrate Xiang Yu's forces and sow discord between Xiang Yu and Fan Zeng, causing the former to doubt the latter's loyalty and ultimately dismiss him.
Chen Ping had also advised Liu Bang to agree to make Han Xin a vassal king in order to gain Han Xin's loyalty and help him fight Xiang Yu's forces. At another point in time, he had also advised Liu Bang to form an alliance with the Kingdom of Qi against Xiang Yu.
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Chen Ping (Han dynasty)
Chen Ping (陳平; died c. November 179 BC), posthumously known as Marquis Xian of Quni (曲逆献侯), was a Chinese politician who served as a chancellor during the early Han dynasty. He was a key adviser to Liu Bang (Emperor Gaozu), the founding emperor of the Han dynasty, and had played a significant role in aiding Liu Bang overcome his rival Xiang Yu during the Chu–Han Contention (206–202 BC).
Chen Ping was born in a peasant family in Huyou Town (戶牖鄉), Yangwu County (陽武縣), which is in present-day Lankao County, Henan. As his parents died when he was young, he was raised by his elder brother, who worked as a farmer on the 30 mu of land owned by their family. Since he was a child, he was known for being studious and for having an ambition to serve the country.
Not long later, the townsfolk nominated Chen Ping to be their shezai (社宰; a local leader). Chen Ping distributed meat equally to his fellow townsfolk, and they praised him for being just and fair. Chen Ping once said, "If I can manage the world, I'll manage it in the same manner as I distribute meat, so that all the people in the world will never be poor and hungry."
In 209 BC, when rebellions broke out throughout China against the Qin dynasty, Chen Ping joined one of the more prominent rebel groups led by Xiang Yu. After the Qin dynasty was overthrown in late 207 BC, Xiang Yu and his forces occupied Xianyang, the former Qin capital, and plundered and pillaged the city. Around this time, Chen Ping left Xiang Yu and joined another prominent rebel leader, Liu Bang, who appointed him as Lieutenant Who Protects the Nation (護國中尉).
From 206 to 202 BC, a power struggle, historically known as the Chu–Han Contention, broke out between Liu Bang and Xiang Yu, who were vying for supremacy over China. During this time, Chen Ping, as an adviser to Liu Bang, came up with numerous plans – making extensive use of espionage and sabotage – to help his lord overcome Xiang Yu.
During the Battle of Xingyang in 204 BC, Chen Ping suggested to Liu Bang to disguise himself and escape from the city while it was on the verge of falling to Xiang Yu's forces. In June or July, Ji Xin, one of Liu Bang's followers, disguised himself as his lord and pretended to surrender to Xiang Yu, sacrificing his life in the process to buy time for Liu Bang to escape.
Chen Ping also played a key role in the downfall of Fan Zeng, Xiang Yu's chief adviser. He had sent spies to infiltrate Xiang Yu's forces and sow discord between Xiang Yu and Fan Zeng, causing the former to doubt the latter's loyalty and ultimately dismiss him.
Chen Ping had also advised Liu Bang to agree to make Han Xin a vassal king in order to gain Han Xin's loyalty and help him fight Xiang Yu's forces. At another point in time, he had also advised Liu Bang to form an alliance with the Kingdom of Qi against Xiang Yu.
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