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Cigarette filter

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Cigarette filter

A cigarette filter, also known as a filter tip, is a component of a cigarette, along with tobacco, cigarette paper, capsules and adhesives. Modern filters were introduced in the early 1950s.

Filters may be made from plastic cellulose acetate fiber, paper or activated charcoal (either as a cavity filter or embedded into the plastic cellulose acetate fibers). Macroporous phenol-formaldehyde resins and asbestos have also been used. The plastic cellulose acetate filter and paper modify the particulate smoke phase by particle retention (filtration), and finely divided carbon modifies the gaseous phase (adsorption).

Filters are intended to reduce the harm caused by smoking by reducing harmful chemicals inhaled by smokers. While laboratory tests show a reduction of tar and nicotine in cigarette smoke, filters are ineffective at removing gases of low molecular weight, such as carbon monoxide. Most of these measured reductions[which?] occur only when the cigarette is smoked on a smoking machine; when smoked by a human, the compounds are delivered into the lungs regardless of whether a filter is used.

Most factory-made cigarettes are equipped with a filter; users who roll their own can buy them from a tobacconist.

In 1925, Hungarian inventor Boris Aivaz patented the process of making a cigarette filter from crepe paper.

From 1935, Molins Machine Co Ltd a British company began to develop a machine that made cigarettes incorporating the tipped filter. It was considered a specialty item until 1954, when manufacturers introduced the machine more broadly, following a spate of announcements from doctors and researchers concerning a possible link between lung diseases and smoking. Since filtered cigarettes were considered safer, by the 1960s, they dominated the market. Production of filter cigarettes rose from 0.5 percent in 1950 to 87.7 percent by 1975.

Between the 1930s and the 1950s, most cigarettes were 70 millimetres (2+34 in) long. In the 1980s, many were 80, 85, 100, or 120 millimetres (3+183+383+78, or 4+34 in) long.

Cigarettes filters were originally made of cork and used to prevent tobacco flakes from getting on the smoker's tongue. Many are still patterned to look like cork.

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