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Ciriaco De Mita
Luigi Ciriaco De Mita (Italian pronunciation: [luˈiːdʒi tʃiˈriːako de ˈmiːta]; 2 February 1928 – 26 May 2022) was an Italian politician and statesman who served as Prime Minister of Italy from April 1988 to July 1989. A member of Christian Democracy (DC), De Mita served as its secretary and leader from May 1982 until February 1989, becoming one of the most influential politicians in the country, as well as one of the most prominent members of DC's left-wing.
During his long-time career, De Mita served as Minister of Industry, Commerce, and Crafts from 1973 to 1974, Minister of Foreign Trade from 1974 to 1976, and Minister for Interventions in the South from 1976 until 1979. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies for more than 40 years between 1963 and 2008 and also member of the European Parliament. During his final years, De Mita served as mayor of his hometown Nusco from 2014 until his death in 2022.
De Mita was born in Nusco, in the Avellinese hinterland of Campania, in 1928. His father was a tailor and postman, while his mother was a housewife. After attending the classical high school in nearby Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi with excellent grades, he won a scholarship in the Augustinianum College and enrolled at the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart in Milan, where he graduated in law and then started working as a consultant at Enrico Mattei's Eni legal office.
As a young man, De Mita joined the Christian Democracy (DC) party and entered politics. In 1953, De Mita was among the proponents of La Base, a leftist faction of the party, close to Giovanni Marcora. He rose through the ranks of the party, becoming a member of its national council in 1956 during the party's congress in Trento.
In the 1963 Italian general election, De Mita was elected to the Chamber of Deputies. Elected for the constituency of Benevento–Avellino–Salerno, he received more than 67,000 votes. He remained a deputy uninterruptedly until th e 1994 Italian general election. In 1968, De Mita was appointed undersecretary of state to the Ministry of Interior, becoming a member of the government for the first time.
De Mita was appointed deputy secretary of the Christian Democracy in 1969, serving under the leadership of Arnaldo Forlani; he hold the position until February 1973. During the 1970s, De Mita hold various positions in the government. He served in the cabinet of Mariano Rumor as Minister of Industry, Trade, and Crafts from 8 July 1973 until 23 November 1974; Minister of Foreign Trade from 23 November 1974 to 30 July 1976 in the government of Aldo Moro and Minister for Extraordinary Interventions in Southern Italy in the cabinet of Giulio Andreotti from 30 July 1976 to 21 March 1979.
In the 1982 party congress, De Mita was elected secretary of the DC with a clear objective of renewing the party. As party's leader, De Mita suffered a huge loss in the 1983 Italian general election. In 1986, De Mita was re-elected secretary with 60% support from the party. His secretariat is remembered for a rivalry with Bettino Craxi, socialist leader who in the 1980s held the office of Prime Minister for four years. Craxi had always promoted his reformist drive as opposed to the inaction of the DC, and in 1987 clashed with De Mita for the breaking of the "relay pact" (patto della staffetta), under which the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) would have had to cede the leadership of the government to the DC in the last year of the legislature. Craxi refused to do this and in 1987 a snap election was called.
In 1984, De Mita pushed the future Italian president Sergio Mattarella and Leoluca Orlando to intensify their political commitment with the task of cleaning up the Sicilian branch of the DC from Sicilian Mafia control. De Mita appointed Mattarella as extraordinary commissioner for Palermo. De Mita remained secretary of the DC until 22 February 1989, when he became president of the party, a position he held until 1992.
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Ciriaco De Mita
Luigi Ciriaco De Mita (Italian pronunciation: [luˈiːdʒi tʃiˈriːako de ˈmiːta]; 2 February 1928 – 26 May 2022) was an Italian politician and statesman who served as Prime Minister of Italy from April 1988 to July 1989. A member of Christian Democracy (DC), De Mita served as its secretary and leader from May 1982 until February 1989, becoming one of the most influential politicians in the country, as well as one of the most prominent members of DC's left-wing.
During his long-time career, De Mita served as Minister of Industry, Commerce, and Crafts from 1973 to 1974, Minister of Foreign Trade from 1974 to 1976, and Minister for Interventions in the South from 1976 until 1979. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies for more than 40 years between 1963 and 2008 and also member of the European Parliament. During his final years, De Mita served as mayor of his hometown Nusco from 2014 until his death in 2022.
De Mita was born in Nusco, in the Avellinese hinterland of Campania, in 1928. His father was a tailor and postman, while his mother was a housewife. After attending the classical high school in nearby Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi with excellent grades, he won a scholarship in the Augustinianum College and enrolled at the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart in Milan, where he graduated in law and then started working as a consultant at Enrico Mattei's Eni legal office.
As a young man, De Mita joined the Christian Democracy (DC) party and entered politics. In 1953, De Mita was among the proponents of La Base, a leftist faction of the party, close to Giovanni Marcora. He rose through the ranks of the party, becoming a member of its national council in 1956 during the party's congress in Trento.
In the 1963 Italian general election, De Mita was elected to the Chamber of Deputies. Elected for the constituency of Benevento–Avellino–Salerno, he received more than 67,000 votes. He remained a deputy uninterruptedly until th e 1994 Italian general election. In 1968, De Mita was appointed undersecretary of state to the Ministry of Interior, becoming a member of the government for the first time.
De Mita was appointed deputy secretary of the Christian Democracy in 1969, serving under the leadership of Arnaldo Forlani; he hold the position until February 1973. During the 1970s, De Mita hold various positions in the government. He served in the cabinet of Mariano Rumor as Minister of Industry, Trade, and Crafts from 8 July 1973 until 23 November 1974; Minister of Foreign Trade from 23 November 1974 to 30 July 1976 in the government of Aldo Moro and Minister for Extraordinary Interventions in Southern Italy in the cabinet of Giulio Andreotti from 30 July 1976 to 21 March 1979.
In the 1982 party congress, De Mita was elected secretary of the DC with a clear objective of renewing the party. As party's leader, De Mita suffered a huge loss in the 1983 Italian general election. In 1986, De Mita was re-elected secretary with 60% support from the party. His secretariat is remembered for a rivalry with Bettino Craxi, socialist leader who in the 1980s held the office of Prime Minister for four years. Craxi had always promoted his reformist drive as opposed to the inaction of the DC, and in 1987 clashed with De Mita for the breaking of the "relay pact" (patto della staffetta), under which the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) would have had to cede the leadership of the government to the DC in the last year of the legislature. Craxi refused to do this and in 1987 a snap election was called.
In 1984, De Mita pushed the future Italian president Sergio Mattarella and Leoluca Orlando to intensify their political commitment with the task of cleaning up the Sicilian branch of the DC from Sicilian Mafia control. De Mita appointed Mattarella as extraordinary commissioner for Palermo. De Mita remained secretary of the DC until 22 February 1989, when he became president of the party, a position he held until 1992.