Cologno al Serio (Bergamasque: Cològn söl Sère) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Milan and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Bergamo.

Cologno al Serio borders the following municipalities: Brignano Gera d'Adda, Ghisalba, Martinengo, Morengo, Romano di Lombardia, Spirano, Urgnano.

The first human settlements in the area date back to about four thousand years ago, in the Bronze Age, as evidenced by the discovery of skeletons and tools: these make Cologno al Serio one of the oldest archaeological sites in the province of Bergamo.

The later eras saw the allocations of some Ligurian tribes first, and later of the Cenoman Gauls, to which the Romans took over.

The new rulers gave a first urban organization to the village, which began to take on increasing importance: studies in this sense were greatly helped by findings concerning skeletons, funeral kits, vases and coins of the time of Vespasian.

There was also a military road that, also used for commercial transport, passed from Cologno al Serio connecting Bergamo with Piacenza, thus increasing the possibilities of exchange of the inhabitants.

Also, the toponym originates in this historical period and would find an explanation in Colonius, owner and inhabitant of these lands. Other hypotheses, however, would like to derive the name of the village from the term Colonus, given the agricultural vocation of the village already in the past.

During the sixth century the arrival of the Longobards occurred, of which has reached another important find, always found on the municipal territory of Cologno, consisting of a clay table (now kept in the Archeological Museum of Bergamo) engraved with the name of six inhabitants of the time. However, the first written document in which the name of the town is mentioned dates back to 843, when such Stephanus de Colonias is mentioned in an act.