The Colt Woodsman is a semi-automatic sporting pistol manufactured by the U.S. Colt's Manufacturing Company from 1915 to 1977. It was designed by John Moses Browning. The frame design changed over time, in three distinct series: series one being 1915–1941, series two being 1947–1955, and series three being 1955–1977.

The Colt Woodsman sprang from a design by John Moses Browning and was refined by gunsmiths and designers at Colt's before its introduction in 1915.

Browning developed the Woodsman with a short slide, no grip safety and no hammer. These features were in place on his Model 1903 and 1911 designs, but a handgun intended for target use did not require them.

There are three series of the Colt Woodsman and each series had three models: Target, Sport and Match Target.

The Target Model was the base model and featured a 6-inch barrel with adjustable front and rear sights. It was not until 1927 that the name "Woodsman" was used.

The Sport Model was designed as a field sidearm for hiking and camping in 1933 and had a 4.5-inch barrel. Original versions were made with a fixed front sight in the first series, but by the latter half of production, an adjustable sight was available.

The Match Target Model debuted in 1938 and featured a heavier barrel with a one-piece wraparound grip known as the "elephant ear." A "Bullseye" Icon was rollmarked into the slide lending the nickname "Bullseye Match Target".

In 1941, the US entered World War II, Colt ceased civilian production of the Woodsman but delivered 4,000 Match Target models to the US Government as late as 1945. These pistols had oversized plastic two-piece grips and were marked "Property US Government", but appeared on the surplus market after the war.