Cinnamon-throated woodcreeper

The cinnamon-throated woodcreeper (Dendrexetastes rufigula) is a sub-oscine passerine bird in subfamily Dendrocolaptinae of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.

The cinnamon-throated woodcreeper is the only member of genus Dendrexetastes. Four subspecies are recognized:

Subspecies D. r. devillei has been proposed as a separate species but differs little from the others in voice.

The cinnamon-throated woodcreeper is genetically most closely related to the long-billed woodcreeper (Nasica longirostris).

The cinnamon-throated woodcreeper is one of the larger woodcreepers, with a heavy body, short wings, and a short, stout, bill with a slightly hooked tip. It is 22.5 to 27 cm (8.9 to 11 in) long. Males weigh 64 to 74 g (2.3 to 2.6 oz) and females 66 to 77 g (2.3 to 2.7 oz). The sexes are alike. The nominate subspecies D. r. rufigula has mostly medium brown upperparts with a paler crown and rufous-chestnut wings, rump, and tail. A few whitish streaks span the nape and upper back. It is generally paler and more cinnamon-brown below. Its throat is a brightish rusty buff, its breast has wide black-edged whitish streaks that extend to the sides of the neck, and sometimes weak darker bars on the lower belly and undertail coverts. Its iris is red to light brown, its bill horn-gray, bluish horn, or brownish to dull greenish yellow, and its legs and feet slate gray, greenish gray, bluish black, or brown.

Subspecies D. r. devillei has a weaker pattern than the nominate, with much fainter streaks on the breast, none on the neck, and no bars on the belly. D. r. paraensis is very like the nominate, but with a bold white supercilium and rounder streaks on the breast and neck. D. r. moniliger is duller and less rufescent than the other subspecies, but has bolder streaking on the breast and neck.

The subspecies of the cinnamon-throated woodcreeper are found thus:

The cinnamon-throated woodcreeper mostly inhabits humid forest, both terra firme and várzea. In the Guianas it typically occurs in forest on sand ridges and savanna. It favors palm forest, the edges of evergreen forest, and mid- to late-age secondary forest rather than the interior of primary forest; it also frequently occurs on river islands. In elevation it mostly occurs below 500 m (1,600 ft) but is occasionally found as high as 950 m (3,100 ft) in the Andean foothills at the western edge of its range.