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Discourse ethics
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Discourse ethics
Discourse ethics is a philosophical theory of morality, attempting to update Kantian ethics for modern egalitarian intuitions and social epistemology. The theory originated with German philosophers Jürgen Habermas and Karl-Otto Apel, and variations have been used by Frank Van Dun and Habermas' student Hans-Hermann Hoppe.
Kant extracted moral principles from the necessities forced upon a rational subject reflecting on the world. Habermas extracted moral principles from the necessities forced upon individuals engaged in the discursive justification of validity claims, from the inescapable presuppositions of communication and argumentation.
The simplest form of discourse ethics is Habermas' "Principle of Universalization", which holds that
Discourse ethics is a possible grounding for critical theory. In that context, it argues that immoral social ills arise through stymied discourse, wherein certain participants cannot or do not submit their views for rational deliberation.
It is also a possible approach to the management of science. That approach is primarily popular in Europe, in part because Europeans prefer rule-based social adaption to technological progress, whereas Americans prefer utilitarian approaches.
Habermas's discourse ethics attempts to explain the implications of communicative rationality to moral insight and social norms. It reformulates Kantian deontological ethics into the analysis of communicative structures. This means that it is an attempt to explain the universal and obligatory nature of morality as a consequence of certain universal obligations associated with successful communication.
It is also a cognitivist moral theory, which means it holds that moral norms can be justified like facts. Thus it is explicitly attempting to bridge the gap between the "is" and the "ought."
However, the entire project is undertaken as a rational reconstruction of moral insight. It claims only to reconstruct the implicit normative orientations that guide individuals and it claims to access these through an analysis of communication.
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Discourse ethics
Discourse ethics is a philosophical theory of morality, attempting to update Kantian ethics for modern egalitarian intuitions and social epistemology. The theory originated with German philosophers Jürgen Habermas and Karl-Otto Apel, and variations have been used by Frank Van Dun and Habermas' student Hans-Hermann Hoppe.
Kant extracted moral principles from the necessities forced upon a rational subject reflecting on the world. Habermas extracted moral principles from the necessities forced upon individuals engaged in the discursive justification of validity claims, from the inescapable presuppositions of communication and argumentation.
The simplest form of discourse ethics is Habermas' "Principle of Universalization", which holds that
Discourse ethics is a possible grounding for critical theory. In that context, it argues that immoral social ills arise through stymied discourse, wherein certain participants cannot or do not submit their views for rational deliberation.
It is also a possible approach to the management of science. That approach is primarily popular in Europe, in part because Europeans prefer rule-based social adaption to technological progress, whereas Americans prefer utilitarian approaches.
Habermas's discourse ethics attempts to explain the implications of communicative rationality to moral insight and social norms. It reformulates Kantian deontological ethics into the analysis of communicative structures. This means that it is an attempt to explain the universal and obligatory nature of morality as a consequence of certain universal obligations associated with successful communication.
It is also a cognitivist moral theory, which means it holds that moral norms can be justified like facts. Thus it is explicitly attempting to bridge the gap between the "is" and the "ought."
However, the entire project is undertaken as a rational reconstruction of moral insight. It claims only to reconstruct the implicit normative orientations that guide individuals and it claims to access these through an analysis of communication.