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Doja Cat
Doja Cat
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Amala Ratna Zandile Dlamini (born October 21, 1995), known professionally as Doja Cat (/ˈddʒə/), is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer. Known for her versatility, live performing skills, internet personality and stage presence, she is frequently referred to as the "Queen of Pop-Rap".[note 1] Billboard named her "one of the world's biggest pop stars" and "one of the defining pop stars of this era", while Time listed her as one of the world's most influential people in 2023.[18]

Key Information

Doja Cat began making and releasing music on SoundCloud as a teenager. Her song "So High" caught the attention of Kemosabe and RCA Records, with whom she signed a recording contract prior to the release of her debut extended play, Purrr! (2014). After a hiatus from releasing music and the uneventful rollout of her debut studio album, Amala (2018), she earned viral success as an internet meme with her 2018 single "Mooo!", a novelty song in which she makes humorous claims about being a cow. Capitalizing on her growing popularity, she released her second studio album, Hot Pink, in the following year. The album eventually reached the top ten of the US Billboard 200 and spawned the single "Say So"; its remix with Nicki Minaj topped the US Billboard Hot 100.

Doja Cat's third studio album, Planet Her (2021), spent forty-one weeks in the Billboard 200's top 10 and became the 10th best-selling album globally of 2021. It produced the top ten singles "Kiss Me More" (featuring SZA), "Need to Know", and "Woman". Her fourth studio album, Scarlet (2023), adopted a hip-hop-oriented sound and peaked within the top five of the Billboard 200. Its lead single "Paint the Town Red" topped the Hot 100, the Billboard Global 200, and numerous charts internationally. Her fifth album, Vie, marked a return to her pop roots and also peaked within the top five of the Billboard 200.

Doja Cat is one of the best-selling female rappers of all time, with over 34 million records sold between 2018 and 2022.[19] In 2024, Billboard ranked her as the 24th top woman artist and 2nd female rapper of the 21st century—five years after her first charted record (2019).[20] Since 2020, she has won hundreds of accolades, including a Grammy Award from 19 nominations, six Billboard Music Awards, five American Music Awards, six MTV Video Music Awards and eight iHeartRadio Music Awards.[a]

Early life and education

[edit]

Amala Ratna Zandile Dlamini[21] was born on October 21, 1995,[22] in the Tarzana neighborhood of Los Angeles, California.[23] Her mother, Deborah Sawyer, is an American graphic designer of Jewish heritage,[24][25] and her father, Dumisani Dlamini, is a South African performer of Zulu descent,[26] best known for starring as Crocodile in the original Broadway cast of the musical Sarafina! and the 1992 film adaptation.[27][28] The two had a brief relationship after meeting in New York City where Dumisani performed on Broadway, but he was too busy on tour to spend time with Amala and her brother.[25] He said that he left his family in the US for South Africa out of homesickness in the hopes that they would join him there.[29] He has also claimed that he has a "healthy" relationship with his daughter and that her management team had tried to block all his attempts to contact her out of the fear that they "might lose her".[30][29] Nevertheless, Dlamini has said on multiple occasions that she is estranged from her father, stating that she "never met him" and later accused him of being a deadbeat to her and her brother.[31][32][33][34]

Soon after her birth, Dlamini moved from Tarzana to Rye, New York, where she lived for five years with her maternal grandmother, an architect and painter.[25][35] At the age of eight, Dlamini returned to California with her mother and brother to live at the Sai Anantam Ashram, a commune in Agoura Hills.[25] Its spiritual director was jazz musician Alice Coltrane.[36] The family went on to practice Hinduism for four years.[37][38] Dlamini wore head-covering scarves and sang bhajans while at the temple,[23] saying that she felt like she could not "be a kid" during her time there.[39][37]

Her family then moved to Oak Park, California,[25] where she started attending dance lessons and experienced a "sporty childhood", often skateboarding and visiting Malibu for surf camps.[40][41] Dlamini and her brother were also subjected to racial prejudice as some of the only mixed-race children in the area.[25]

As she grew older and moved away from the ashram, she attended breakdancing classes and joined a professional poplocking troupe, with whom she competed in dance battles throughout Los Angeles while still attending high school.[42] Her aunt, a vocal coach, had given Dlamini singing lessons to help her audition for Central Los Angeles Area New High School No. 9, a performing arts high school in Los Angeles.[41][25][43] She frequently skipped school to participate in online chatrooms.[44] After becoming discouraged about her education and career path, Dlamini claims that she realized in eleventh grade that "performing and music was all [she] ever cared about."[45] She eventually dropped out at age 16 while in her junior year,[46] attributing this decision to her struggles with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), saying that "it felt like I was stuck in one spot and everybody else was progressing constantly."[25]

Career

[edit]

2012–2017: Career beginnings and record deal

[edit]

Doja Cat has described life after dropping out of school as "messy", claiming that she slept on the floor and spent "all night and day" browsing the internet, looking for beats and instrumentals from YouTube which she downloaded and used to create her own music.[47][48] After becoming fascinated with internet culture and websites like eBaum's World and Myspace,[45] she taught herself to sing, rap and use GarageBand while at home without a job, frequently making music and uploading it to SoundCloud.[42][48][47] In late 2012, "So High" became the first permanent upload on her SoundCloud account.[47] Doja Cat began her career in the Los Angeles underground hip-hop scene, performing at parties and cyphers, and connecting with rappers such as Busdriver, Ill Camille and VerBS, the latter of whom claims to have helped hone her craft and find her first gig.[49] It was during this time that she met producer Jerry "Tizhimself" Powell, who had stumbled upon her SoundCloud account.[49] He introduced her to record producer Yeti Beats,[49] who invited her to record at his studio in the neighbourhood of Echo Park, which also served as "an oasis of sorts for Doja to escape from the turmoil at home".[25] Yeti Beats then connected her with Kemosabe Records, an imprint of RCA Records, where she signed under label executive Dr. Luke and his publishing company Prescription Songs at the age of 17.[23][35][50][51] This deal also came with a temporary artist management partnership with Roc Nation.[35]

In August 2014, Doja Cat released her debut EP, Purrr!, described as "spacey, eastern-influenced R&B" by The Fader.[52] "So High" was repackaged and released as her solo commercial debut single prior to the EP's release,[50] and was later featured on the Fox series Empire in the third episode of the show's first season.[53] In mid-2015, Doja Cat temporarily signed to OG Maco's label, OGG.[54] Following the signing, in late 2016, Maco and Doja Cat collaborated on the song "Monster", from Maco's 2017 mixtape, Children of The Rage.[55] She had started experiencing writer's block, which led her to decline American singer Billie Eilish's offer to feature on what would later become her popular 2017 single "Bellyache".[56] Doja Cat would stop releasing music for a while amid what she describes as a "creative limbo", which was influenced by her record labels not paying her much attention, as well as the effects of "finding herself" and smoking too much marijuana.[25]

2018–2019: Amala and "Mooo!"

[edit]

Her first major commercial release in four years, Doja Cat released the song "Roll with Us" in February 2018 following a brief hiatus.[57] The following month, she released "Go to Town" as the lead single from her debut album, with an accompanying music video.[58] "Candy" was released as the album's second single that same month.[59] The track would later become a sleeper hit after a "dance challenge" on the video-sharing platform TikTok went viral in late 2019.[60] The single consequently charted in countries such as Australia, Canada and the United States, with the latter having the song peak at 86 on the Billboard Hot 100, making this her first solo entry on the chart.[61]

Doja Cat performing in October 2018 after the success of "Mooo!"
Doja Cat performing in October 2018 after the success of "Mooo!"

On March 30, 2018, Doja Cat's debut studio album Amala was released through RCA and Kemosabe Records, and included the three singles.[62] Its release was largely uneventful,[63][64] as it was ignored by critics and failed to chart in any market.[65][66] Doja Cat has since expressed strong disdain toward the record, claiming that it doesn't entirely represent her as an artist and that it isn't a "finished album" since she was constantly partying or high on marijuana during its recording.[67][68][69] She claims it was also rushed in order to meet deadlines from the record labels who paid it "almost no support".[70]

In August 2018, Doja Cat self-published the homemade music video for "Mooo!", a novelty song with absurdist lyrics in which she fantasizes about being a cow.[71] The video promptly garnered viral success as an internet meme, attaining over three million views in one week.[72][73][74] Due to popular demand following this viral success, the single version of "Mooo!" was released onto digital platforms later that month as the lead single from the deluxe edition of Amala.[75] This was followed by the release of the second single, "Tia Tamera" featuring Rico Nasty, and its accompanying music video in February 2019.[76] The full deluxe edition of Amala was released on March 1, 2019, and featured the bonus tracks "Mooo!", "Tia Tamera" and "Juicy".[66] The success of "Mooo!" is believed to have "irrefutably proved" to her record labels that Doja Cat was a marketable artist, which led them to start paying more attention to her.[25]

2019–2020: Breakthrough with Hot Pink

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A remix version of Doja Cat's song "Juicy", from the deluxe version of Amala, added a verse from American rapper Tyga and was released alongside a music video in August 2019 as the lead single from her second studio album.[77] Following the release of the remix, the song debuted at number 83 on the Billboard Hot 100, marking Doja Cat's first entry on the chart, and ultimately peaked at number 41.[66] The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) would later award the song a platinum certification in the United States.[78] The song's success led to Amala debuting for the first time on the Billboard 200 chart that same month.[66] In October 2019, Doja Cat released "Bottom Bitch", the second single from her second album.[79] This was followed by the release of the single "Rules" alongside the announcement of her second studio album Hot Pink.[80] Hot Pink was released on November 7, 2019, to generally favorable reviews. The album would eventually peak at number 9 on the Billboard 200.[81] Doja Cat was meant to feature on a track titled "Broward Coward" from an early version of the late XXXTentacion's fourth studio album, Bad Vibes Forever,[82][83] however the song was ultimately scrapped when the album tracklist was completely revised for its posthumous release in December 2019.[84] She later released the single "Boss Bitch" as part of the soundtrack for the 2020 film Birds of Prey.[85]

Doja Cat performing at the Hot Pink release party in 2019

In January 2020, "Say So" was sent to radio to become the fourth single off of her album Hot Pink.[86] The song was originally released alongside the album in November 2019, but gained wider popularity through the video-sharing platform TikTok.[87] She performed the song on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon in February 2020.[88] The next day, she released the music video for the song, directed by Hannah Lux Davis.[89] The solo version of "Say So" peaked at number five on the Hot 100, becoming her first top-ten single,[90] and was the most streamed song of 2020 by a female artist in the United States.[91] In May 2020, following the release of a remix of "Say So" featuring Nicki Minaj, the single topped the Billboard Hot 100, becoming the first number-one single for both artists and the first ever female rap collaboration to peak atop the chart.[92][93]

In March 2020, Doja Cat was set to embark on the Hot Pink Tour in support of the album, before it was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[94] She was featured on a remix of the Weeknd's single "In Your Eyes" in May 2020,[95] as well as on the single "Shimmy" by rapper Lil Wayne from the deluxe version of his 2020 album Funeral.[96] In June, she was featured on the single "Pussy Talk" by the rap duo City Girls.[97] She released the music video for her single "Like That".[98] She also uploaded the demo song "Unisex Freestyle" to SoundCloud in late June 2020.[99] At the 20th BET Awards, Doja Cat was nominated for two awards, Best Female Hip Hop Artist and Video of the Year.[100] In August 2020, her song "Freak", which had been on SoundCloud since 2018, was officially released on digital platforms.[101]

Doja Cat won the award for Push Best New Artist at the 2020 MTV Video Music Awards, where she also performed a medley of the songs "Say So" and "Like That".[102][103] She was credited as a lead artist on the remix for Chloe x Halle's song "Do It", which also featured City Girls and Mulatto, the following month. She was featured alongside Australian singer Sia on the track "Del Mar" from Puerto Rican singer Ozuna's 2020 album Enoc, also released in September.[104][105] The "Juicy" remix featuring Tyga was nominated for Top R&B Song at the 2020 Billboard Music Awards.[106] In October 2020, Doja Cat was featured on American singer Bebe Rexha's single "Baby, I'm Jealous", the lead single from Rexha's second studio album, Better Mistakes.[107] She performed a burlesque-themed medley of "Juicy", "Say So" and "Like That" at the 2020 Billboard Music Awards, inspired by Chicago and Moulin Rouge.[108][109] That same month, Doja Cat performed both "Baby, I'm Jealous" with Rexha and "Del Mar" with Ozuna on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon and Jimmy Kimmel Live!, respectively.[110][111] Doja Cat was featured on the album track "Motive" from Ariana Grande's 2020 album Positions,[112] which peaked at number 32 on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming both her highest debut and second-ever top 40 entry.

Doja Cat performed a metal rendition of "Say So" at the 2020 MTV Europe Music Awards ceremony, where she also won the award for Best New Act.[113][114] Her performance was criticized for sampling Plini's "Handmade Cities" without permission.[115] The following month, Plini reported that he received an apologetic message from Doja Cat through social media.[116][117][118]

Doja Cat won the award for The New Artist of 2020 at the 46th People's Choice Awards.[119] She additionally won both New Artist of the Year and Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist at the 2020 American Music Awards ceremony, where she performed "Baby, I'm Jealous" with Bebe Rexha.[120][121] On December 24, 2020, Doja Cat released a series of videos on her YouTube channel named "Hot Pink Sessions" where she performed three songs twice with two different "looks".[122] On December 31, 2020, Doja Cat performed "Say So", "Like That", and "Juicy" at the annual Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve show.[123]

According to sales in the United States, Billboard ranked Doja Cat at number five on both the Top New Artists of 2020 and Top Female Artists of 2020 charts.[124][125] After her on-demand audio streams in the U.S. increased by 300% from 2019, Rolling Stone ranked her at number one on their list of the ten biggest breakthrough artists of 2020.[126] Forbes named Doja Cat "one of the top breakout stars of 2020" while including her on their annual 30 Under 30 list.[127] Doja Cat was the fourth most-Googled musician of 2020 in the United States.[128]

2021–2022: Planet Her

[edit]

On January 7, 2021, Doja Cat was featured on the single "Best Friend" by rapper Saweetie, and appeared in the accompanying music video.[129][130] The following week, Doja Cat appeared alongside Megan Thee Stallion on the remix of "34+35" by Ariana Grande.[131] Following the release of the remix, the song reached a new peak of number two on the Billboard Hot 100.[132] In early 2021, Doja's song "Streets" became a sleeper hit after live performances of the song went viral on TikTok.[133] TikTok also spawned a viral challenge which uses a mashup of "Streets" and "Put Your Head on My Shoulder" by Paul Anka.[134] This caused the song to enter the Billboard Hot 100, where it peaked at number 16.[135] Doja Cat was nominated for three awards at the 63rd Annual Grammy Awards: herself for Best New Artist and "Say So" being nominated for Record of the Year and Best Pop Solo Performance.[136] In 2021, she was placed on "Time's 100 Next" list, which highlights 100 emerging figures, with her write-up being penned by American rapper Lil Nas X.[137]

Doja Cat revealed the title of her third studio album, Planet Her, in a March 2021 interview with V.[138] On April 10, the song "Kiss Me More" featuring SZA was released alongside a music video as the lead single for the album.[139] It received critical acclaim,[140][141][142] and commercial success, spending nineteen consecutive weeks within the top 10 of the Billboard Hot 100, breaking the record for the most weeks in the top 10 by a female collaboration.[143] The song peaked at number three and became Doja Cat's third top 10 hit.[144] Later that month, Doja Cat performed the songs "Best Friend" with Saweetie, "Rules", "Streets" and a solo version of "Kiss Me More" at Triller's inaugural Fight Club event.[145][146] On April 23, 2021, Doja Cat launched an NFT marketplace titled "Juicy Drops".[147] In May 2021, Doja Cat won the award for Top Female R&B Artist at the 2021 Billboard Music Awards,[148] where she performed "Kiss Me More" with SZA.[149] Later that month, she performed a solo version of the same song in a medley with "Streets" and "Say So" at the 2021 iHeartRadio Music Awards, where she won the award for Best New Pop Artist.[150]

The song "Need to Know" was released alongside a music video as the first promotional single from Planet Her on June 11, 2021.[151][152] Doja Cat wrote that it was released in anticipation of the "more important" second single,[153] which was confirmed to be "You Right" with the Weeknd.[154] Doja Cat officially announced the release of Planet Her and revealed its tracklist and album art via social media a few hours before the release of "Need to Know".[155] The album was released to generally positive reviews,[156] and opened at number two on the Billboard 200 where it remained for another two weeks, becoming the first album to spend its first three weeks at number two on the chart since The Pinkprint (2014) by Nicki Minaj in January 2015.[157] It spent over six months in the chart's top ten, the first project by a female rapper to do so.[158] Elsewhere, it topped the charts in New Zealand,[159] and landed in the top 5 in countries such as the United Kingdom, Australia, Norway and Ireland.[160][161] It became the 10th and 13th best-selling album in 2021 and 2022 respectively, according to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI).[162][163]

Doja Cat guest starred as the temporary romantic interest of American rapper and comedian Lil Dicky in the second season of the TV series Dave, which premiered on June 16, 2021.[164] On September 10, she was announced as a Pepsi ambassador and starred in an advertisement in which she performs a modern reenactment of the song "You're the One That I Want" from the musical film Grease, as part of a campaign celebrating the launch of the Pepsi-Cola Soda Shop.[165] Her first-ever gig as a television presenter,[166] Doja Cat hosted the 2021 MTV Video Music Awards ceremony,[167] where she also performed the songs "Been Like This" and "You Right".[168] She won the awards for Best Collaboration (shared with SZA for "Kiss Me More") and Best Art Direction (shared with Saweetie for "Best Friend"), among nominations for Artist of the Year, Video of the Year and Best Visual Effects.[169] It is the first time in history where a nominee in the Video of the Year category hosted the ceremony in that same year.[170] Doja Cat was praised for her presenting abilities, with Pitchfork noting that she "reinvent[ed] award-show hosting".[171]

Doja Cat was featured on the song "Scoop" from Lil Nas X's debut studio album Montero (2021), which was released on September 17,[172] and then on the song "Icy Hot" from American rapper Young Thug's second studio album Punk (2021), which was released on October 15.[173] That same month, she reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 Songwriters chart for the first time in her career,[174] and also became the first rapper to place three top 10 songs on the US Mainstream Top 40, with "You Right", "Need to Know" and "Kiss Me More".[175] She featured alongside Saweetie on French Montana's song "Handstand" from his fourth studio album They Got Amnesia (2021).[176] The music video for Planet Her's fourth single, "Woman", was released on December 3.[177] According to Billboard, Doja Cat closed 2021 as the bestselling female R&B and hip-hop artist in the US,[178] and the fourth bestselling female artist overall,[179] additionally placing six songs on the year-end Hot 100.[180] Planet Her was also the sixth best-selling album in the US,[181] and the fifth most streamed album globally on Spotify in 2021.[182] In 2022, Doja Cat won the awards for Female Rapper of the Year and Performer of the Year at the 2022 XXL Awards.[183][184] She received nominations for eight awards at the 64th Annual Grammy Awards, the most for any female artist. "Kiss Me More" won the award for Best Pop Duo Performance, while her other nominations included Album of the Year (Planet Her and Montero), Record of the Year ("Kiss Me More"), Song of the Year ("Kiss Me More"), Best Pop Vocal Album (Planet Her), Best Rap Song ("Best Friend") and Best Melodic Rap Performance ("Need to Know").[185]

In February 2022, Doja Cat released a cover of the song "Celebrity Skin" by American rock band Hole,[186] as part of a Taco Bell commercial in which she starred, and premiered it at the Super Bowl LVI.[187][188] The cover contains reworked lyrics written by Doja Cat and Hole frontwoman Courtney Love.[186] Later that month, her second collaboration with Tyga, entitled "Freaky Deaky", was released as a single alongside a music video directed by Christian Breslauer.[189] She contributed to the soundtrack for Baz Luhrmann's biographical film Elvis (2022) with the song "Vegas", released on May 6, 2022, as its lead single.[190] In June 2022, the track "I Like You (A Happier Song)" by Post Malone featuring Doja Cat was released as the third single from the former's fourth studio album, Twelve Carat Toothache (2023).[191] The track would later earn Doja Cat a nomination for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the 65th Annual Grammy Awards, where she also earned nominations for Record of the Year ("Woman"), Best Pop Solo Performance ("Woman"), Best Music Video ("Woman"), and Best Rap Performance ("Vegas").[192] Doja Cat was made the subject and namesake of the song "Doja" by British rapper Central Cee, which was released in July 2022 and achieved global success, becoming the most streamed UK rap song on Spotify.[193][194]

Doja Cat later began sharing her experiences of career burnout,[195] expressing her disdain for "unnecessary" obligations, while admitting that she was no longer enjoying her career.[196][197] Doja Cat continued to publicise her frustrations during a South American festival tour in March 2022. After an incident involving Paraguayan fans, which followed a storm that prompted the cancellation of her scheduled show, she posted to Twitter: "Everything is dead to me, music is dead, and I'm a fucking fool for ever thinking I was made for this... This shit ain't for me so I'm out. Y'all take care."[198][199]

2023–present: Scarlet and Vie

[edit]

In early 2023, Doja Cat began teasing her fourth studio album with the working title of Hellmouth.[200] Prior to this, she had asserted that the album would be "predominantly rap", a callback to the musical style of her earliest works,[201] and an effort to diverge from the "pink and soft things" and "pop and glittery sounds" that she has become noted for,[202] notably denouncing her previous two albums as "cash grabs" and "digestible pop hits".[203] She also adopted a darker aesthetic and appearance, which she described as "punk", "experimental" and "manic",[204] while some fans deemed these changes "demonic",[205][206] and accused her of being a Satanist,[207][208] and a member of the Illuminati.[209][210]

In mid-June 2023, Doja Cat released the album's first promotional single, titled "Attention", alongside an accompanying music video directed by Tanu Muino.[211] The album's lead single, "Paint the Town Red", was released in early August 2023 to commercial success, breaking a number of streaming records,[144][212] and becoming her first solo song to top the charts in both the United States and the United Kingdom,[213][214] among several other countries and the Billboard Global 200 chart.[215] It also peaked at number one on the Billboard Global Excl. US chart, the first rap song to do so.[216] The album's title was later revealed to be Scarlet in mid-August 2023.[204] The second promotional single, "Demons", was released in early September 2023, alongside a music video directed by Christian Breslauer and co-starring American actress Christina Ricci.[217]

Scarlet was released to mostly positive reviews on September 22, 2023,[218][219] and debuted within the top 5 in the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada. Doja Cat then embarked the opening North American leg of the Scarlet Tour, her first arena tour featuring rappers Doechii and Ice Spice as supporting acts.[220] A deluxe edition of the album, Scarlet 2 Claude, was released on April 5, 2024 and was named after the Claude Frollo character from The Hunchback of Notre Dame. The deluxe edition features collaborations from American rappers ASAP Rocky and Teezo Touchdown.[221] In early 2025, Doja Cat with Raye featured in "Born Again" from Alter Ego, the first studio album of the Thai singer Lisa. On March 21, 2025, she was featured on the song "Just Us" with American rapper Jack Harlow.[222]

In October 2024, Doja Cat made a few posts on X (formerly Twitter) teasing a forthcoming album, such as "vvv" and "album", which led to fans thinking she was working on her fifth studio album.[223][224] On May 5, 2025, Doja Cat surprise released "Crack", an outtake from her fourth studio album Scarlet, exclusively on her website, which was only available to download for 24 hours.[225][226] She later collaborated with Marc Jacobs and previewed a snippet of the lead single "Jealous Type" in the advertisement of the campaign. She attended the Met Gala the same day, where she confirmed in an interview that the song will serve as a single from her upcoming album.[227][228] On July 21, 2025, Doja Cat posted on X that the album had been completed. In an article for V Magazine, she confirmed the album for a fall release date, and shared that it will be more "pop-driven" than her previous album, Scarlet.[229][230][231] On August 14, she officially announced the album alongside a promotional video and shared that it would be released on September 26.[232][233]

The album, titled Vie, was released as scheduled, on September 26, 2025, to critical acclaim.[234] The record, which marked a return to Doja Cat's pop roots, features an eclectic range of genres, including R&B, pop, funk, new jack swing, and hip-hop.[235] Following "Jealous Type", "Gorgeous" was released as the second single in October.[236] Vie debuted at number four on the US Billboard 200, earning 57,000 album-equivalent units in its first week. It became Doja's fourth top-ten album on the chart.[237]

Artistry

[edit]

Influences

[edit]

Doja Cat has cited Nicki Minaj as one of her influences.[238][239] In a Billboard interview, Doja Cat stated that she is "in love with everything Nicki Minaj has put out into the world".[240] On the song "Get Into It (Yuh)" from her third studio album, Planet Her (2021), she pays tribute to Minaj and borrows lyrics and rap delivery from her debut 2010 single "Massive Attack".[241][242] Critics noted that the album as a whole was largely influenced by Minaj,[243][244][245] with The New Yorker noting that she "build[s] upon the pop-rap legacy established by her predecessor".[246] She has also named Lauryn Hill and Busta Rhymes as some of her biggest influences.[247][248] While speaking about Busta Rhymes, she stated: "if I hear a beat Busta Rhymes would absolutely kill, I'll use my voice to do a flow similar to his."[69]

Additionally, Doja Cat has cited Rihanna,[249][50] Beyoncé,[250][251] D'Angelo,[249] Missy Elliott,[252] Christina Aguilera,[253] Pharrell Williams,[254] and Lil' Kim[255] as major influences. She draws inspiration from her background engaging in online activities and delving into subcultures as a suburban teenager,[44] as well as the artists her mother exposed to her as a child, such as Fugees, Erykah Badu, Jamiroquai, Earth, Wind & Fire, Black Eyed Peas, Seal, Tupac, Aaliyah, DMX, India Arie, and TLC.[69][256][35] The Hindu culture of her childhood as well as Japanese culture have also been noted as sources of inspiration for Purrr! (2014) and other aspects of her early career.[257][258] In an interview with Big Boy, she stated her admiration for Janet Jackson and Prince.[251]

Stage name and persona

[edit]

As a teenager in 2012, Doja Cat gained her stage name from one of her cats as well as her favorite strain of marijuana, stating, "I was heavily addicted to weed and weed culture, so when I began rapping I thought of the word 'doja' and how it sounds like a girl's name."[42] She has since expressed slight disdain towards the name and the persona that it carries, stating in November 2021 that "my image was the pothead hippie girl, and I'm not that."[56]

Musical style and themes

[edit]

Doja Cat's music has been described as pop rap,[259] hip-hop,[249][253] pop[23] and R&B.[253] When asked about her legacy, Doja Cat revealed that in future she would like to be remembered for her versatility in not only music but also visual art and dance.[40] Her second full-length studio album, Hot Pink, is built with her own beats as well as a series of videos written and conceived by her.[44] She claimed the era was a firm restart for her career, and the most "refined, chiseled" representation of herself. Her escapist fantasy worldview is reflected in the music by its upbeat production style.[44] The record was inspired by drastic lifestyle changes including an "illuminating" acid trip which made her quit smoking cigarettes and marijuana.[44]

Her 2021 song "Naked" contains a tongue-in-cheek sexual reference that refers to bisexuality in that she "like[s] bananas and peaches",[260] while her 2019 single "Bottom Bitch" can also be interpreted as a metaphor for lesbian sex.[261]

Personal life

[edit]

Doja Cat is reported to be "eager to deflect interest in her personal life".[262] She lived in a home in Beverly Hills, California, which she bought in 2021 for $2.2 million[263] and sold in September 2022 for $2.5 million.[264]

She was in a brief open relationship with American musician Jawny from August 2019 until separating in February 2020.[265] Despite not having formally come out or openly stated her sexual orientation, Doja Cat has hinted at queer themes, stating that she likes "people [she] can have sex with. And you can kinda have sex with anybody."[266]

In June 2020, Doja Cat donated $100,000 to the Justice for Breonna Taylor Fund to support Taylor's family.[267]

In January 2024, Doja Cat's mother, Deborah Sawyer, filed for a temporary restraining order against her older brother, Raman Dalithando Dlamini, who has allegedly been physically and verbally abusing both Doja Cat and their mother.[268][269] Sawyer was previously granted a restraining order against her son back in 2017.

Health

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During an interview with Billboard, Doja Cat revealed that she was heavily addicted to alcohol and chain smoking when growing up and considers quitting cigarettes to be "one of the biggest challenges of [her] life".[270][271] She has amblyopia.[272]

In May 2022, Doja Cat opened up about her nicotine addiction on Twitter, and revealed that she required lancing of an infected tonsil caused by vaping and intended to pursue a tonsillectomy, consequently canceling her summer festival run and her opening act slot for The Weeknd's After Hours til Dawn Tour.[273]

In a 2025 interview with Zane Lowe for Apple Music, Doja Cat revealed that she regularly attends therapy sessions.[274]

Public image

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Doja Cat has been noted for being versatile in her music. This includes her ability to sing, rap, and produce,[275][51] as well as perform and dance.[276] Often described as eccentric,[262][277][50] she is known for her absurdly humorous personality and posts on social media platforms.[278][279] Bryan Rolli of Forbes wrote that "Doja Cat's aloof, irreverent, chronically online persona masks a tireless work ethic; she sings better, raps faster and dances harder than many of her peers, all at once."[280]

Her extensive online presence and bold persona have at times garnered controversy. NME named her Milkshake Duck of the year in 2018 following public circulation of 2015 tweets in which she referred to other performers as "faggots".[281] After initially defending herself, she apologized and deleted the tweets.[282] She faced similar backlash for comments she made regarding the COVID-19 pandemic.[283]

In 2022, the controversy surrounding Doja Cat reached a peak when she did not come outside to greet fans waiting at her hotel after her scheduled performance at Asunciónico was cancelled due to severe weather.[284] Frustrated with the backlash, Doja Cat announced she was quitting the music industry. After a brief Twitter hiatus, she retracted that statement.[285] She faced a similar fan response after a Threads post in which she said she was not obligated to say she "loves" her fans when she does not know them, which resulted in a loss of over a quarter of a million followers on Instagram.[286]

In an article for Okayplayer, Robyn Mowatt noted that "as a singer, rapper, songwriter, and entertainer Doja has led her fans on a rambunctious journey equipped with snappy lyrics, live video streams, outlandish outfits, and memorable viral moments. It's not just the music that gets her fans riled up, it's also her live performances which typically are infused with a touch of eccentricity."[287]

As one of the biggest and best-performing commercial artists of the 2020s decade, writers at Billboard expressed that "it'd be tough to name three artists of any kind who feel more like the 2020s so far than Doja Cat."[288]

Discography

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Filmography

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Television

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Year Title Role Notes
2019 Late Night with Seth Meyers Herself Musical guest
2019–2020 Wild 'n Out Guest star (2 episodes)
2020 The Late Late Show with James Corden Musical guest
The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon Musical guest (2 episodes)
Jimmy Kimmel Live! Musical guest
Post Malone's Celebrity World Pong League Guest star
Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve Television special
2021 Dave Episode: "Somebody Date Me"
2021 MTV Video Music Awards Host
2025 Saturday Night Live Musical guest

Video games

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Year Title Role Notes
2022 House Party[289] Herself[289] Expansion pack[289]
2025 Fortnite Herself In-game cosmetic

Achievements

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Doja Cat has received many accolades throughout her career, including one Grammy Award from nineteen nominations, six Billboard Music Awards from twenty-three nominations, five American Music Awards from eleven nominations, six MTV Video Music Awards from twenty-five, and eight iHeartRadio Music Awards (including six Titanium Awards for 1 billion total audience spins) from thirty-one nominations. She has been honored as Songwriter of the Year at the BMI Pop Music Awards and the BMI R&B Hip-Hop Music Awards[290][291]

On January 27, 2024, Doja Cat's single "Paint the Town Red" was listed number one in the Triple J Hottest 100, making her the first female rapper and first woman of color in history to top the list.[292][293]

Billboard ranked Doja Cat at number 24 on its 2025 "Top 100 Women Artists of the 21st Century" list "in just five years as a Billboard-charting hitmaker".[294] "Paint the Town Red" is the first rap song in history to top the Billboard Global Excl. U.S chart.[295]

Time also included her in the Time 100 list of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2023.[296] She was one of the four covers of the year's issue.[297]

Tours

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Headlining

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Supporting

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See also

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Notes

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References

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Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia
from Grokipedia
Amala Ratna Zandile (born October 21, 1995), known professionally as Doja Cat, is an American rapper, , and record of South African and Jewish descent. Doja Cat first gained recognition in 2018 through the viral internet single "Mooo!", which preceded her debut studio album Amala and led to a contract with . Her breakthrough came with the 2019 album Hot Pink, featuring the single that reached number one on the , marking her first such achievement. Subsequent releases include (2021), which accumulated over 200 weeks on the , Scarlet (2023), and her fifth album Vie (2025), the latter debuting at number one on the and setting records for cumulative weeks charted by a female rapper. Her discography has earned multiple RIAA certifications, including platinum and multi-platinum status for singles like "Boss B*tch", "Kiss Me More" (5x platinum), and "Paint the Town Red". Doja Cat has received one Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance for "Kiss Me More" in 2022, along with numerous nominations across categories like Best Rap Song and Best Pop Solo Performance. Throughout her career, Doja Cat has faced controversies stemming from her early online activity, including 2020 allegations of participating in chat rooms associated with racist and alt-right groups, which she denied and addressed via an apology video, attributing some past lyrics to youthful insensitivity rather than endorsement of harm. Additional scrutiny arose from her social media interactions, such as deleting Instagram posts criticizing fans and wearing apparel linked to controversial figures, though she has consistently framed these as personal expressions unbound by external narratives. These incidents highlight her unfiltered digital presence, which parallels the self-taught, internet-driven origins of her music style blending hip-hop, pop, and R&B.

Early life

Upbringing and family background

Amala Ratna Zandile , known professionally as Doja Cat, was born on October 21, 1995, in the Tarzana neighborhood of , . Her mother, Deborah Elizabeth Sawyer, is a Jewish-American who works as a painter, clothing designer, and . Sawyer raised Dlamini primarily as a after her relationship with Dlamini's father ended shortly after her birth. Dlamini's father, Dumisani Dlamini, is a actor, composer, and film producer of Zulu descent, known for roles in productions like the Broadway musical Sarafina! and South African television series such as . The two parents met in New York during Dumisani's time performing in Sarafina! in the early , leading to a brief relationship that produced Dlamini and her older brother, Raman. Dumisani returned to soon after Dlamini's birth and had minimal involvement in her life, which Dlamini has publicly described as an absentee presence, contrasting with her mother's hands-on role. Dlamini's early years involved frequent moves shaped by her mother's artistic and alternative lifestyle. Following a brief period in , the family relocated to the Sai Anantam in , where they lived for a time amid Sawyer's involvement in spiritual communities. By age eight or so, they settled in California's desert areas, including Yucaipa and San Bernardino County, in a modest, creative household influenced by Sawyer's interests in R&B music, visual arts, and unconventional living—periods that Dlamini has recalled as financially challenging yet formative for her artistic development. She has credited her mother's support and exposure to diverse cultural elements, including Jewish heritage from Sawyer and indirect Zulu influences via family stories, for shaping her multicultural identity, though she emphasized being raised predominantly in her mother's white American environment.

Career

2012–2017: Independent releases and record deal

In 2012, Doja Cat, then known by her real name Amala Dlamini, began self-releasing original music she produced using software on the platform, having taught herself to rap, sing, and create beats without formal training. Her early track "So High," initially uploaded to that year in a raw demo form, featured hazy, psychedelic production and gained underground traction among listeners. This exposure drew the interest of producer , leading to her signing a joint recording contract with his imprint and parent label in 2013, when she was 17 years old. Following the deal, Doja Cat refined and officially released "So High" as her debut commercial single on March 11, 2014, accompanied by a directed with low-budget emphasizing surreal visuals. The track peaked at number 10 on Billboard's but established her sound blending , hip-hop, and electronic elements. On August 5, 2014, she issued her debut , Purrr!, through independent label MAU Records with distribution support from Kemosabe and RCA; the five-track project included "So High" alongside songs like "No Police" and "Beautiful," showcasing experimental beats and feline-themed persona nods. Despite modest commercial performance, with streams accumulating gradually over years, the EP positioned her for label-backed development. From 2015 to 2017, Doja Cat maintained a low output under her new deal, releasing sporadic singles such as "Nunchucks" in , while focusing on songwriting collaborations and refining her craft amid label expectations for a full-length debut. This period reflected typical challenges for emerging artists signed young, including creative experimentation without immediate hits, as she later described navigating industry pressures post-signing.

2018–2019: Amala and viral breakthrough

In February 2018, Doja Cat released "Roll with Us" as the lead single from her debut studio album, marking her first major commercial release in four years. The track, produced under Kemosabe Records and RCA Records, featured themes of partying and sensuality but achieved modest streaming numbers initially. Amala, Doja Cat's debut album, was released on March 30, 2018, comprising 13 tracks blending hip-hop, R&B, and pop elements, with production credits including and . The album included singles like "Go to Town" and "" prior to its launch, but it garnered limited attention and did not chart significantly upon release. Sales and streams remained low, reflecting her status as an emerging independent artist transitioning to label support. In August 2018, Doja Cat independently created and uploaded the novelty track "Mooo!", a 52-second humorously depicting life as a cow, complete with an iPhone-filmed featuring cow costumes and effects. Released as a single on August 10, the video rapidly went viral on , accumulating over 5 million views within two weeks and exceeding 138 million views cumulatively by later years. The song's absurd, meme-like appeal, shared across platforms, attracted endorsements from artists like and introduced Doja Cat to a broader audience beyond niche rap circles. The virality of "Mooo!" revitalized interest in Amala, prompting a deluxe edition release on March 1, 2019, which added tracks including "Mooo!", "Juicy" (later remixed with Tyga), and "Tia Tamera" featuring Rico Nasty. This version propelled Amala to peak at number 138 on the Billboard 200 in November 2019, though the initial breakthrough stemmed from the organic online buzz of "Mooo!". The period solidified Doja Cat's reputation for leveraging internet culture and self-produced content to achieve grassroots fame.

2019–2020: Hot Pink and mainstream rise

Doja Cat released her second studio album, Hot Pink, on November 7, 2019, through Kemosabe Records and RCA Records. The album debuted at number 19 on the Billboard 200 chart, accumulating 20,000 equivalent album units in its first full week. Its lead single, "Juicy" featuring Tyga, was issued on August 15, 2019, and later peaked at number 38 on the UK Singles Chart while reaching number 2 on the US Rhythmic Airplay chart. In early 2020, the track "Say So" from Hot Pink gained significant momentum through viral challenges on TikTok, propelling it onto the Billboard Hot 100 at number 96 in January. By March, it entered the Hot 100's top 20, marking Doja Cat's first such achievement. The song subsequently topped the Hot 100 on May 11, 2020, following the release of a remix featuring Nicki Minaj on May 1, becoming Doja Cat's inaugural number-one single. This success drove Hot Pink to a new peak of number 9 on the Billboard 200 in May 2020. The album's resurgence led to certifications, including gold status from the RIAA in 2020 for 500,000 units sold in the United States. Doja Cat received nominations for Favorite Album – Soul/R&B for Hot Pink at the 2020 American Music Awards. She performed medleys including "Say So," "Juicy," and "Like That" at events such as the and , solidifying her mainstream breakthrough. recognized her as one of the biggest breakthrough artists of 2020.

2021–2022: Planet Her and global stardom

In April 2021, Doja Cat released "Kiss Me More" featuring as the lead single from her third studio album, , which peaked at number three on the and topped charts in , , and . The track earned a Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the on April 3, 2022. Follow-up singles included "" in June 2021, which reached number eight on the chart, and "" in mid-2021, peaking at number seven on the Hot 100 and achieving over 1.2 million equivalent units in the U.S. Planet Her was released on June 25, 2021, debuting at number two on the with 120,000 album-equivalent units in its first week and eventually accumulating over 11.4 million units worldwide. The album reached number one in and entered the top ten in over a dozen countries, including the , , and , driven by streaming dominance and tracks like "Get Into It (Yuh)." By September 2025, it had logged 200 weeks on the , marking Doja Cat's first project to achieve such longevity and solidifying its status as one of the longest-charting female rap albums. Sales exceeded 2.7 million copies across 13 countries, with 2 million in the U.S. alone. The album's success propelled Doja Cat to global prominence, with ranking her number seven on its Greatest Pop Stars of 2022 list for her hit-making consistency across , and R&B genres. She received nominations for Album of the Year and at the 2022 Grammys for Planet Her and "Woman," respectively, alongside wins for Female Rapper of the Year and Performer of the Year at the 2022 XXL Awards. International accolades included International Artist of the Year nomination at the 2022 , reflecting her expanded fanbase in and beyond. This period marked her transition from viral internet sensation to mainstream pop icon, evidenced by over 32.5 million equivalent album units across her catalog by late 2022.

2023–2024: Scarlet and artistic shifts

In February 2023, Doja Cat expressed her desire to create a rap-exclusive album titled Scarlet, aiming to reaffirm her credentials in hip-hop after years dominated by pop crossover success. The project, self-written and produced with a focus on raw , marked a deliberate shift from the melodic, genre-blending style of toward aggressive flows, introspective narratives on fame and personal turmoil, and minimal melodic hooks. The lead single "Attention" arrived on June 16, 2023, peaking at number 31 on the and introducing themes of scrutiny and defiance through its video depicting fan interactions. "Paint the Town Red," sampling Dionne Warwick's "," followed on August 4, 2023, and became Doja Cat's first solo chart-topper on the Hot 100, driven by 88 million first-week streams for the album. Scarlet itself launched September 22, 2023, via Kemosabe and , debuting at number four on the with 72,000 equivalent units—comprising 88.35 million on-demand streams and 6,000 pure sales—reflecting a commercial step back from prior releases amid the rap pivot. To promote the album, Doja Cat initiated on October 31, 2023, in , with 24 North American dates featuring openers and , prioritizing Scarlet tracks while reinterpreting older hits in stripped-down, rap-heavy arrangements. The production emphasized high-energy and thematic visuals tied to the album's darker tone, extending to European legs in 2024 across arenas in , Birmingham, , and beyond. Performances occasionally drew criticism for uneven energy, prompting a December 1, 2023, apology to New Jersey audiences where she admitted dissatisfaction with her delivery. This period solidified her artistic realignment toward hip-hop authenticity, prioritizing technical rap prowess over broad pop appeal.

2025: Vie and recent projects

Doja Cat released her fifth studio album, Vie, on September 26, 2025, through and . The 15-track project, titled after the French word for "life," emphasizes pop sensibilities and romantic introspection, including songs such as "Cards," "Jealous Type," "AAAHH MEN!," "," "Gorgeous," "Stranger," and "All Mine." The album's , "Jealous Type," debuted on August 21, 2025, reaching number three on the Hot Dance/Pop Songs chart and number 28 on the Hot 100. Its accompanying depicted themes of jealousy in relationships. "Gorgeous" followed as the second single on October 10, 2025, with a video released the prior day featuring stylized visuals of desire and allure. To promote Vie, Doja Cat announced the Tour Ma Vie World Tour in late September 2025, commencing November 18, 2025, at in , , and spanning , , , and through December 2026. Dates include performances at RAC Arena in Perth on November 22, in on November 25, and additional arenas across continents. In October 2025, Doja Cat expanded into gaming with a collaboration for Fortnite's Fortnitemares event, portraying the "Mother of Thorns" skin, which she described as a long-awaited personal milestone. She also headlined the Gucci-sponsored LACMA Art+Film Gala, honoring artist Mary Corse and director .

Artistry

Musical style and production

Doja Cat's music draws from hip hop, , , and trap, blending these s with her versatile vocal style that encompasses rapid-fire , melodic , and ad-libbed flourishes. Her tracks often feature genre fluidity, allowing crossover appeal through polished production that incorporates electronic elements, bouncy synths, and layered percussion. Critics have noted her ability to shift seamlessly between sultry ballads and upbeat dance tracks, reflecting a chameleon-like adaptability influenced by broad sources including and sounds. In production, Doja Cat handles 100% of her songwriting, emphasizing self-directed creativity that began with early experiments using a gifted to her around 2012. Her approach typically involves layering drums and claps for rhythmic drive, groovy chord progressions, and funky guitar riffs to evoke a playful, eclectic vibe, as seen in recreations of hits like "" and "." Collaborations with producers yield stems that prioritize vocal prominence, with two-track recordings evolving into full mixes featuring sub-bass, hi-hats, and rim shots for a modern trap-infused polish. Her style evolved from the spacey, Eastern-influenced R&B of her 2014 debut EP Purrr!, which emphasized atmospheric production, to the trap-heavy hip hop of 2018's Amala. By Hot Pink (2019), pop anthems like "" introduced disco-inflected beats and viral hooks, marking a pivot toward mainstream accessibility. Subsequent albums like (2021) expanded into futuristic R&B with electronic flourishes, while Scarlet (2023) leaned into rawer rap delivery over aggressive, self-produced beats, and Vie (2025) incorporates 1980s-inspired elements. This progression underscores a deliberate shift from underground experimentation to genre-blending commercial hits, driven by her refusal to confine to one style—explicitly avoiding while embracing pop as her core identifier.

Themes and lyricism

Doja Cat's lyrics prominently feature themes of female sexual empowerment, often conveyed through explicit language and metaphors that assert agency and desire without restraint. In "Go to Town" from her 2018 album Amala, she adopts an described as a "middle-aged African American woman" to deliver lines celebrating and physical confidence, framing sexuality as a source of playful dominance rather than shame. This approach recurs in tracks like "," where lyrics reject fear of sexuality in favor of mutual pleasure and freedom. Her songwriting draws from personal experiences of and intimacy, as in "Streets" from Hot Pink (2019), which blends vulnerability with demands for attention in relationships. Balancing bravado with introspection, Doja Cat's work addresses resilience against external judgment and self-worth amid fame's pressures. "Paint the Town Red" from Scarlet (2023) serves as an anthem of defiance, with lyrics dismissing detractors while affirming personal success and emotional recovery, peaking at number one on the on September 2, 2023. In "," she critiques the consumptive nature of pop stardom, portraying public scrutiny as a for visibility and validation. This duality—empowerment laced with —extends to relational dynamics, as explored in (2021) tracks like "," which mix flirtation with emotional dependency. Lyricism in her oeuvre employs wit, repetition for emphasis, and genre-blending flows that shift between rap verses and melodic hooks, often incorporating humor and cultural references to underscore authenticity. Scarlet emphasizes Gen Z defiance and meaningful connections over superficial highs, reflecting a maturation from earlier eccentricity to grounded self-assertion. Her 2025 album Vie, influenced by sessions, centers romance and ""—intense early affection—as motifs, with songs like "Stranger" delving into emotional intimacy amid 1980s-inspired . These themes evolve causally from her independent origins, where unfiltered expression countered industry norms, evolving into broader commentary on fame's psychological toll.

Influences and persona

Doja Cat has cited as a primary influence, particularly for her rap delivery and unapologetic lyrical bravado, stating in interviews that she is "in love with everything does." She has also highlighted 's neo-soul aesthetics and improvisational style as shaping her early R&B explorations, alongside 's pop versatility and 's sensual fusion of soul and funk. Additional inspirations include 's innovative production and ' eclectic beats, which inform her genre-blending approach across hip-hop, pop, and electronic elements. Her persona embodies a feline motif—playful yet elusive—rooted in culture and viral stunts, such as the 2018 "Mooo!" video where she performed as a anthropomorphic cow to satirize trends. This evolved into a trollish online presence, marked by provocative tweets and live interactions that blur artist-fan boundaries, often prioritizing authenticity over likability. By 2023's Scarlet era, her image darkened, channeling aggression and self-reclamation amid personal conflicts, as she distanced from pop-friendly whimsy toward raw, combative expression. Critics note her stage presence amplifies this duality: high-energy and vocal contrast with offstage edginess, where bold, revealing attire underscores agency but invites scrutiny of her intellect. Doja Cat asserts control over her narrative, rejecting imposed labels and using platforms like for unfiltered engagement, which has solidified her as a digitally native provocateur in rap-pop.

Personal life

Family relationships and estrangements

Doja Cat, born Amala Ratna Zandile Dlamini on October 21, 1995, is the daughter of Deborah Elizabeth Sawyer, a white Jewish American graphic designer and painter, and Dumisani Dlamini, a Black South African actor known for his role in the 1992 film Sarafina!. Her parents married but separated shortly after her birth, after which Sawyer raised Doja primarily in , fostering her early interest in art and music through and exposure to creative environments. Sawyer filed for divorce from Dlamini on March 21, 2022, citing irreconcilable differences in Los Angeles County court documents, though the couple had long been separated. Doja Cat has described a long-standing estrangement from her father, stating in a May 2020 interview with that she had never met him in person and harbored resentment toward his absence during her childhood. refuted these claims the same month, asserting that he had attempted contact but was blocked by Doja's management team, and that they maintained some indirect communication. In May 2024 posts, Doja referred to as a "deadbeat" but later retracted the statements, claiming she was "just kidding." She elaborated on the emotional impact of his abandonment in an October 2025 interview, linking it to challenges in her formative years growing up with a single mother. Doja shares a full brother, Raman Dalithando , born around 1994. Their relationship deteriorated amid allegations of detailed in a January 2024 temporary filed by Sawyer against Raman in . Sawyer claimed Raman had physically assaulted her multiple times in the prior year, including choking her on January 10, 2024, and threatening her life, while also alleging he had knocked out Doja's teeth in a prior incident and subjected her to with degrading language. Raman denied the accusations in a January 19, 2024, encounter with , stating he had not abused his or sister. Doja sought a permanent against him, but it was denied on , 2024, due to insufficient evidence of ongoing threat, though the temporary order remained in effect for Sawyer. Doja has publicly addressed limited details of the familial conflict, emphasizing its personal toll without confirming specifics of the claims.

Health challenges

Doja Cat was diagnosed with (ADHD) during her adolescence, a condition that contributed to her dropping out of high school at age 16 amid feelings of being overwhelmed and stagnant while peers advanced. She has described ADHD as influencing her rapid shifts in focus, such as frequently altering titles for her planned albums during the creative process for Scarlet's successor, framing these as genuine rather than strategic promotion. In May 2022, Doja Cat suffered a severe throat infection, including an in her left requiring surgical drainage under , which she linked directly to chronic vaping; the condition forced cancellation of her supporting performances on The Weeknd's and all subsequent summer dates. She publicly committed to quitting vaping "cold turkey" post-procedure, citing the health risks after admitting had exacerbated the issue, though by August 2025 she acknowledged relapsing while emphasizing avoidance of certain inhalation methods. Public scrutiny of Doja Cat's intensified in August 2022 when she shaved her head and eyebrows during an Instagram Live session, leading fans to speculate about instability; she rebutted these concerns, stating "I'm rich, I'm fine" and expressing irritation at the assumptions. In 2024, she deactivated her account—where much of her career interaction occurred—attributing the decision to "f---ed up thoughts" triggered by abusive user treatment and platform toxicity linked to broader issues like depression and erosion. By mid-2023, she reported beginning to process ongoing emotional challenges.

Controversies

Early online misconduct allegations

In 2015, prior to her mainstream breakthrough, Doja Cat, then known primarily through releases, posted content on that included homophobic slurs. A resurfaced tweet from that year referred to members , and using the term "faggot," which drew criticism when unearthed in August 2018 amid her rising popularity with tracks like "Mooo!". She initially defended the language in a now-deleted response, claiming it was not intended as a slur but rather a descriptor of behavior, but later issued an apology acknowledging the harm and stating she had deleted the posts to avoid further offense. That same year, Doja Cat released the track "Dindu Nuffin" on , employing a phrase originating from 4chan's board (/pol/) as a derogatory term mocking denying involvement in crimes, often in the context of police interactions. The song's lyrics and title were later criticized as racially insensitive when reposted online in 2020 during the #DojaCatIsOverParty campaign, though she maintained it was satirical commentary on denial rather than targeted . Allegations of further misconduct emerged from archived video chats on platforms like Tinychat around the mid-2010s, where footage showed her using the n-word repeatedly, engaging in sexually suggestive behavior, and participating in discussions perceived as anti-Black or appealing to predominantly white audiences with extremist leanings. Doja Cat denied stripping for white supremacists or harboring racist views, attributing the actions to youthful attention-seeking at age 19 or 20, and emphasized in a 2020 Instagram statement that she rejected any association with hate groups while apologizing for the language's impact. These claims, amplified by users compiling evidence from deleted accounts, highlighted patterns of edgy online persona that contrasted with her later public image, though she argued the context involved trolling and not genuine endorsement of slurs.

Fan conflicts and social media exits

In March 2022, Doja Cat engaged in a public dispute with fans in following the cancellation of her performance at the Asunciónico Festival due to weather conditions and logistical issues; she accused some fans of mobbing her hotel and making threats, leading her to tweet, "This s— ain't for me so I'm out," and temporarily change her handle to "i quit," though she clarified she was not quitting music and continued her career. The most significant fan conflict occurred in July 2023, when Doja Cat used and Threads to criticize her fanbase, mocking the self-coined nickname "Kittenz," condemning obsessive behaviors such as creating "creepy" fan accounts, getting tattoos of her likeness without consent, and building online shrines, stating these actions made her "skin crawl" and urging supporters to "get a job" or delete their accounts. This prompted backlash, with several prominent fan accounts deactivating and her losing approximately 250,000 followers and up to 200,000 on other platforms within days; she responded by expressing relief, tweeting that the mass unfollowing made her feel "free" and emphasizing her detachment from parasocial relationships. In March 2024, amid ongoing mental health struggles, Doja Cat deactivated her Instagram account—which had over 28 million followers—citing an influx of "f—ed up thoughts" and a desire to step away from social media's toxicity, though this was not explicitly linked to fan interactions; she returned to posting on Twitter shortly after. More recently, in June 2025, Doja Cat addressed an uncomfortable encounter with a fan outside a bar in Los Angeles, where video footage showed the individual hugging, kissing, and shaking her; in now-deleted tweets, she described feeling "manhandled" and vowed to assert boundaries more firmly, later reconciling with the fan after public clarification but highlighting persistent issues with fan overreach. These episodes reflect a pattern of Doja Cat prioritizing personal boundaries over fan loyalty, resulting in repeated social media breaks rather than permanent exits, as she has reactivated accounts following each incident.

Other public disputes

In July 2022, Doja Cat engaged in a public spat with actor after he shared screenshots of their private direct messages. The messages, exchanged in June 2022, showed Doja inquiring about connecting with Schnapp's co-star Joseph Quinn, whom she referred to using slang as "J," and asking if Quinn "smokes trees" (marijuana). Schnapp, then 17, posted the screenshots on his story with the caption "no hard feelings doja cat 🤍 i promise this will be deleted in 24 hours," which drew widespread attention. Doja Cat addressed the incident during an Instagram Live session on July 7, 2022, criticizing Schnapp for violating her privacy and lacking social awareness, stating, "When a grown-up asks you to keep something private, you kinda have to... That's just socially unaware and also kind of evil a little bit." She emphasized that while Schnapp was young, sharing the messages publicly crossed a boundary, especially given her celebrity status and the potential for rumors. Schnapp subsequently apologized via a video, expressing regret and affirming that he and Doja had spoken, with "no hard feelings." Doja confirmed the resolution in a follow-up Instagram Live, noting they had discussed the matter and moved past it. The exchange highlighted tensions around and etiquette, with some observers defending Schnapp's actions as youthful indiscretion while others sided with Doja's stance on in sharing personal communications. No legal action followed, and the dispute did not escalate further.

Public image and reception

Media coverage and cultural perception

Doja Cat's media coverage has frequently emphasized her provocative online persona and history of controversies, often framing her as a deliberately subversive figure who challenges industry norms. Outlets such as have described her as a "very online 29-year-old technology addict" who engages in trolling and brutal honesty, portraying her evolution from viral novelty acts to a more uncompromising artist with albums like Scarlet (2023) and Vie (September 26, 2025). This coverage highlights her tendency to provoke reactions, as seen in 's review of her June 22, 2024, performance, which noted her "tonsorial maximalism and " alongside "bilious and bawdy hip-hop," underscoring a perception of her as an artist who prioritizes raw expression over broad appeal. Cultural perception of Doja Cat positions her as a polarizing Gen Z icon whose influence extends to fashion, internet memes, and digital culture, yet often divides audiences due to her unfiltered social media interactions. She has been credited with shaping online trends through viral moments like her 2018 "Mooo!" video and subsequent bold fashion statements, such as million-crystal outfits at events, fostering a view of her as an innovative storyteller who evolves genres from rap to pop-driven projects. However, perceptions are complicated by recurring backlash, including 2020 allegations of participating in incel and white supremacist chatrooms, which she denied while apologizing for related content, leading to debates over accountability in digital spaces. In 2023, her single "Paint the Town Red" reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 amid fan conflicts, illustrating a resilience that some analysts attribute to the ineffectiveness of "cancel culture" against commercially viable artists. Doja Cat has publicly criticized media narratives for distorting her image, expressing in April 2025 that she was "incredibly disappointed" and "furious" about twisted portrayals stemming from past controversies and podcast discussions. This sentiment aligns with broader coverage of her responses to body shaming in July 2025, where she confronted critics in a livestream, sparking discussions on celebrity autonomy amid online harassment. Culturally, her "devilish" imagery and alleged occult affiliations in 2024 promotions fueled speculation, with some viewing it as savvy marketing and others as concerning, reflecting a public divided between admiration for her boundary-pushing and wariness of her anti-fandom dynamics. Despite such scrutiny, her shift back to pop with Vie—announced as a "pop-driven project" in July 2025—has been received as a calculated evolution, reinforcing her image as a maverick adapting to audience expectations while maintaining artistic independence.

Fan dynamics and backlash resilience

Doja Cat's fanbase, often self-styled as "Kittenz" in reference to her feline-themed persona and early track "", exhibits intense loyalty marked by viral promotion of her music and memes, yet fraught with parasocial expectations that frequently erupt into conflict. Fans have mobilized defenses during controversies, such as resurfaced chat logs containing slurs, but also criticized her for perceived inauthenticity or boundary violations, leading to cyclical accusations of on both sides. This dynamic reflects broader tensions in celebrity-fan relations, where dedicated supporters demand personal access while Doja Cat has repeatedly rejected entitled behaviors, including uninvited use of her real name on fan accounts. Key flashpoints include her July 23, 2023, Threads posts denouncing the "Kittenz" moniker as unauthorized and "creepy," urging fans to "get a job" and stating she does not love them, which prompted her to deactivate the account and lose approximately 250,000 followers within days. Similar escalations occurred earlier, such as in March 2022 when backlash over a canceled Paraguay concert led her to tweet "This s— ain't for me so I'm out" before retracting, and multiple deactivations, including in 2021 amid scrutiny of past online activity and again in March 2024 citing "f—ed up thoughts" from user interactions. More recently, on June 14, 2025, she publicly rebuked a fan for "manhandling" her during an encounter, posting and deleting messages emphasizing , which reignited debates over her tone toward supporters. These incidents underscore her pattern of direct confrontation against perceived overreach, often amplifying divisions as some fans deactivate accounts in response while others defend her authenticity. Despite recurrent backlash, Doja Cat has demonstrated resilience through sustained commercial viability, as evidenced by the September 2023 release of Scarlet, which debuted at number 4 on the with 132,000 album-equivalent units in its first week, and lead single "" peaking at number 3 on the chart. Follower losses totaling over 500,000 by August 2023 were framed by her as liberating, allowing focus on artistry over fan validation, and did not impede the 2024 , which grossed millions across sold-out arenas. In December 2023, she clarified that reports of fan hatred were "misquoted," affirming appreciation for supportive listeners while rejecting toxic elements, a stance that correlates with her career's trajectory of rising streams—exceeding billions annually—and Grammy nominations post-controversy, indicating that her unfiltered approach alienates fringes but retains a core audience valuing artistic independence over conformity.

Achievements

Awards and chart performance

Doja Cat has garnered one Grammy Award from 19 nominations, with her win coming in the Best Pop Duo/Group Performance category for "" featuring at the on April 3, 2022. Her Grammy nominations span categories such as , Album of the Year, Best Pop Vocal Album, Best Rap Song, and Best Melodic Rap Performance, including recent nods for "" and "Paint the Town Red" at the in 2024. Beyond the Grammys, she led nominations at the 2022 with six, including Album of the Year for Planet Her and Best Female Hip-Hop Artist, though specific wins in that cycle remain unconfirmed in primary reporting. On the Billboard Hot 100, Doja Cat has secured two number-one singles: "Say So" (assisted by the Nicki Minaj remix), which topped the chart for one week in May 2020, and "Paint the Town Red," her first solo number-one, which debuted at the summit in September 2023 and held the position for three nonconsecutive weeks. Other notable Hot 100 entries include "Kiss Me More" featuring SZA, peaking at number three in 2021; "Woman" at number seven in 2021; and "Streets," which reached number 16 in 2021 after viral resurgence on TikTok. As of September 2025, she has amassed 29 entries on the Hot 100, with nine top-10 hits overall. Recent singles like "Jealous Type" debuted at number 28 in September 2025, marking her highest-charting new entry that week, while "Gorgeous" entered at number 56 in October 2025. Her albums have also performed strongly on the Billboard 200. Hot Pink (2019) peaked at number nine, Planet Her (2021) at number two—remaining on the chart for over 200 weeks as of October 2025, a milestone shared only with Cardi B's Invasion of Privacy among female rap albums—and both Scarlet (2023) and Vie (2025) debuted at number four. This longevity underscores her sustained commercial impact, with Planet Her accumulating the most weeks charted by any female rapper album to date.

Commercial success metrics

Doja Cat has amassed over 60.5 million certified units in the United States as a lead artist, encompassing album and single sales equivalents tracked by the (RIAA). This figure reflects shipments and streaming equivalents, with her catalog benefiting from viral hits and sustained digital consumption. Her breakthrough album Hot Pink (2019) achieved platinum certification on November 17, 2022, denoting 1 million units, while (2021) reached the same milestone, contributing to over 10 million total certified album units by June 2025. Scarlet (2023) has not yet reached equivalent certification levels but has driven additional streaming revenue through tracks like "Paint the Town Red." On the singles front, Doja Cat holds 13 multi-platinum certifications, surpassing records previously set by and establishing her as the female rapper with the most such honors in RIAA history as of November 2024 updates. Standouts include "" (diamond certified, 10 million units), "" featuring (multi-platinum), and "" (platinum), with cumulative U.S. single units exceeding 51 million by October 2024. In 2022 alone, she received 22 new RIAA certifications across tracks from Hot Pink and , including platinum awards for "Juicy," "," and "Streets." Streaming platforms underscore her digital dominance, with over 28 billion Spotify streams as lead artist as of October 2024, including four solo billion-stream tracks: "Woman," "Say So," "Need to Know," and "Streets." She generated more than 3.4 billion Spotify streams in 2025 alone across credits, reflecting ongoing catalog momentum. YouTube metrics align, with videos like "Say So" surpassing 1.5 billion views, contributing to her 13.8 million channel subscribers. Globally, equivalent album sales estimates place her at 15.6 million units, predominantly from post-2019 releases.
Album/SingleCertificationUnits (U.S.)Date
Hot Pink (2019)Platinum1,000,000November 17, 2022
Planet Her (2021)Platinum1,000,000July 1, 2022
"Say So" (2019)Diamond10,000,000N/A (multi-platinum progression)
"Kiss Me More" ft. SZA (2021)Multi-Platinum>2,000,000N/A
"Woman" (2021)Platinum1,000,000July 1, 2022

Tours and live performances

Headlining tours

Doja Cat's first headlining tour, the Amala Tour, supported her debut studio album Amala and consisted of club and small-venue performances from September 2018 to March 2019, averaging approximately 400 attendees per show. The Hot Pink Tour, planned as her second headlining outing to promote the album Hot Pink, was announced on February 24, 2020, with a scheduled North American start date of March 25, 2020, in cities including , , , and ; it was postponed shortly before launch and ultimately canceled due to the . The marked Doja Cat's arena-headlining debut, launching on October 31, 2023, at in to support her third album Scarlet, with opening acts and ; the North American leg spanned arenas across the and through December 2023, followed by a European extension announced on December 7, 2023, concluding on July 14, 2024, at London's . On September 29, 2025, Doja Cat announced the Tour Ma Vie World Tour, her first headlining trek across multiple international regions including , , , (encompassing South America), , and , beginning November 18, 2025, in at , with North American dates commencing October 1, 2026, in and extending through December 2026 in . Ticket prices for the 2026 concerts vary by venue, seat location, date, and demand, typically starting around $90–$120 for the cheapest seats on resale platforms such as SeatGeek, with examples including $92 for the Detroit show and higher for premium or VIP options.

Promotional and supporting appearances

Doja Cat began her live performance career with supporting slots for other artists' tours. In early 2015, she served as an for Theophilus London's Vibes Tour, alongside rapper , with dates spanning February 13 to March 7 across North American venues to promote London's album Vibes. In 2017, she opened select dates for Lizzo's Good as Hell Tour, marking one of her earliest major supporting roles; her first such performance occurred on November 2 at White Oak Music Hall in Houston, Texas. For album promotion, Doja Cat has undertaken festival circuits and one-off live events tied to releases. Following the 2021 release of Planet Her, she conducted a promotional tour of festival appearances in 2021–2022, including sets at major events to showcase singles like "Kiss Me More" and "Woman." In July 2025, Doja Cat performed at the halftime show of the FIFA Club World Cup Final held on July 13 at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey, alongside J Balvin and Tems. More recently, in support of her 2025 album Vie, she held interactive pop-up performances, such as a September 2025 event in New York City's Union Square where fans previewed tracks and received roses from the artist. She also delivered live debuts of Vie material on television, including "Gorgeous" and "Aaahh Men!" on Saturday Night Live on October 5, 2025.

Other media

Film and television roles

Doja Cat made her acting debut in television with a guest-starring role in the FX comedy series Dave. In season 2, episode 6 titled "Somebody Date Me," which aired on July 15, 2021, she portrayed a fictionalized version of herself as the temporary romantic interest of the protagonist Dave (played by series creator Lil Dicky), whom he matches with on a dating app. The episode features her character engaging in flirtatious text exchanges and a brief on-screen interaction, highlighting modern dating dynamics through comedic exaggeration. Beyond this appearance, Doja Cat has no credited roles in feature films as of October 2025. She has primarily been involved in music videos and promotional content rather than narrative projects. In an August 2023 interview, she expressed enthusiasm for expanding into , stating she would like to participate in "movies I believe in" that align with her creative vision. Her limited screen work reflects a career focus on music, though the Dave role demonstrated her ability to blend performance with humor in scripted scenarios.

Video game and digital collaborations

Doja Cat maintains a Twitch channel under the username "dojacattington," which has over 540,000 followers. She has streamed various games on the platform, including Fortnite, Little Nightmares, Poppy Playtime, and Valheim. Her music has been featured in video game soundtracks, such as Elliphant featuring Doja Cat's "Purple Light" in FIFA 15, "Say So" in Just Dance 2021, and Bebe Rexha featuring Doja Cat's "Baby, I'm Jealous" as DLC in Fuser. In 2022, Doja Cat collaborated with Eek! Games on the single-player title House Party, introducing a dedicated content branch featuring her likeness and music integration within the game's social simulation mechanics. On January 20, 2024, Meta released Doja Cat: The Scarlet Tour in VR, an immersive virtual reality concert experience captured from her live Detroit performance, produced in partnership with The Diamond Bros. and accessible for free via Horizon Worlds' Music Valley on Meta Quest headsets. In April 2025, Meta introduced Doja Cat as the first music artist avatar in , offering three purchasable "fantastical" avatar variants for users to embody her persona in virtual environments, expanding her presence in metaverse interactions. During Fortnite's Fortnitemares 2025 event, launched the Doja Cat Bundle on October 9, including two outfits (such as the "Mother of Thorns" skin), emotes, pickaxes, back blings, wraps, and a glider, priced at 3,200 V-Bucks, marking her integration as a playable character amid the seasonal horror-themed update. The stemmed from Doja Cat's personal interest in the game, though it faced minor public friction over in-game item references she critiqued on .

Discography

Studio albums

Doja Cat's debut studio album, Amala, was released on March 30, 2018, by and . The project, named after her Amala Ratna Zandile , incorporates hip hop, R&B, and pop influences but garnered limited initial commercial traction and critical notice. A deluxe edition followed on March 1, 2019, adding tracks like "Mooo!", which gained viral attention via . Her second album, Hot Pink, arrived on , , via the same labels. It debuted at number 93 on the US Billboard 200 based on one day of sales but later peaked higher amid viral singles such as "", ultimately spending a full year on the chart. Planet Her, her third studio album, was issued on June 25, 2021. The record debuted at number 2 on the and has endured exceptionally, charting for over 200 weeks, a milestone shared only with Cardi B's Invasion of Privacy among female rap albums. The fourth album, Scarlet, came out on September 22, 2023, emphasizing a hip-hop-centric sound. It reached the top five on the , driven by the lead single "Paint the Town Red", which topped charts in multiple countries. Doja Cat's fifth studio album, Vie (French for "life"), was released on September 26, 2025, featuring 15 tracks with retro influences from the and . Critics offered mixed assessments; noted spirited performances but critiqued the music's lack of intuition compared to prior work, while others praised its , vibe-oriented production.

Notable singles and EPs

Doja Cat released her debut , Purrr!, independently on August 5, 2014, through MAU Records, with distribution by Kemosabe and . The five-track project, featuring "Beautiful", "Nunchucks", "So High", "No Police", and "Control", blended , , and elements recorded primarily by the artist herself during her teenage years. It included her initial single "So High", which preceded the EP's formal release earlier that year and highlighted her early experimental style influenced by online production communities. Her breakthrough came with the novelty single "Mooo!", self-published as a music video on August 10, 2018, which went viral on YouTube for its humorous, cow-themed lyrics and garnered over 8.5 million views within weeks, drawing endorsements from artists including Chance the Rapper. This spontaneous track, created in 12.5 hours, marked her first significant online traction and contributed to renewed label interest. From the 2019 album Hot Pink, "Say So" was issued on November 7, 2019, and ascended to number one on the Billboard Hot 100 on May 16, 2020, after a remix with Nicki Minaj boosted its streaming and sales; it became her first chart-topper and a TikTok-driven phenomenon. Subsequent standout singles include "" featuring from (2021), which peaked at number three on the Hot 100 and earned Grammy nominations for best pop duo/group performance, and "" from the same album, reaching number seven amid its promotion as a lead track with global chart success. "Paint the Town Red" from Scarlet (2023) debuted on August 19, 2023, and held the Hot 100 summit for three nonconsecutive weeks, interpolating samples from Dionne Warwick's "" while topping charts in multiple countries including the . These releases underscore her versatility across rap, pop, and R&B, with viral momentum often amplifying commercial peaks.

References

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