Dorcy Rugamba (born 1969) is a Rwandan author, actor, dancer, and stage director. Being a survivor of the 1994 Rwandan genocide, in which his parents and most of his family were murdered, much of his work is focused on this and other genocides. He has also acted in films. He founded the Rwanda Arts Initiative and the Kigali Triennial. His 2024 memoir dedicated to his absent family, Hewa Rwanda, une lettre aux absents is being presented in English translation as a performance accompanied by music, called Hewa Rwanda, Letter to the Absent, premiering in February 2025 at the Adelaide Festival in Australia.

Dorcy Rugamba was born in Rwanda in 1969, the son of Cyprien and Daphrose Rugamba. Cyprien Rugamba (a Hutu man) was a writer, choreographer, composer, and museum curator, and Daphrose was a Tutsi woman. The couple introduced the Catholic Charismatic Renewal and the Emmanuel Community to Rwanda in 1990.

Dorcy was introduced to the performing arts by his father. He trained in the Rwandan traditional dance, Intore.

He first studied pharmacy at the National University of Rwanda. While Rugamba, aged around 25 at that time, was visiting an aunt in southern Rwanda, at 10am on 7 April 1994 his family home in Kigali was stormed by Hutu militia. This was a day after the assassination of the president, which marked the start of the Rwandan genocide. Soldiers rounded up everyone in the home at the time: the six children of Cyprien and Daphrose, including two girls aged nine and seven, and their six-year-old cousin, along with a family employee and his parent. They were all killed by machine guns, apart from one of Rugamba's teenage brothers, who had been covered up by the others' bleeding bodies. After the soldiers had left, the boy made his way to the phone and called Rugamba. After being told what had happened, he fled the country, first to Burundi and eventually to Paris, and then later to Belgium. Over 100 days, up to a million people were massacred.

Dropping out of his pharmacy degree (which he was not enjoying anyway), Rugamba turned to the performing arts to help him heal and understand what had happened. He studied at the Conservatoire royal de Liège in Belgium, where he won the first prize in dramatic art.

In 1992, Rugamba founded his first theatre and dance company, Isango, in Butare, in the southern province of Rwanda.

He co-authored the collective work Rwanda 94, which was produced in 1998 a collective of artists from different disciplines and different nationalities based in Belgium called Groupov. Rugamba was one of the scriptwriters and also acted in the six-hour performance. Rwanda 94 premiered in 1999 at the Festival d'Avignon in France, toured extensively internationally, and won several awards in Belgium and France. In 2004, to mark 10 years after the Rwandan genocide, the work was presented in Butare, Kigali, and Bisesero, in Rwanda.

In 2001, he founded the "Urwintore" Workshops in Kigali, for performing arts education, creation, and research.