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Duftite
View on Wikipedia| Duftite | |
|---|---|
 Duftite from Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Otjikoto Region, Namibia | |
| General | |
| Category | Arsenate minerals |
| Formula | PbCuAsO4(OH) |
| IMA symbol | Dft[1] |
| Strunz classification | 8.BH.35 |
| Dana classification | 41.5.1.4 |
| Crystal system | Orthorhombic |
| Crystal class | Disphenoidal (222) H-M symbol: (2 2 2) |
| Space group | P212121 |
| Unit cell | a = 7.768(1), b = 9.211(1) c = 5.999(1) [Å]; Z = 4 |
| Identification | |
| Formula mass | 426.67 g/mol |
| Color | Green, olive green or grey green. Generally zoned due to compositional variations. |
| Crystal habit | Tiny crystals elongated along [001] with curved and rough faces, aggregated into crusts. Crystals may be pseudo-octahedral. |
| Cleavage | Indistinct |
| Fracture | Uneven to conchoidal |
| Mohs scale hardness | 4.5 |
| Luster | Vitreous on fracture surfaces and dull on crystal faces |
| Streak | Pale green or white |
| Diaphaneity | Crystals are transparent to translucent |
| Specific gravity | 6.4 (measured), 6.60 (calculated) |
| Optical properties | Biaxial (-), faint apple-green color (transmitted light) |
| Refractive index | nα = 2.03–2.04, nβ = 2.06–2.08, nγ = 2.08–2.10 |
| Birefringence | δ = 0.06 |
| 2V angle | Large |
| Dispersion | r > v, perceptible |
| Solubility | Readily soluble in acids[2] |
| Other characteristics | Decrepitates on heating. Not radioactive. |
| References | [3][4][5] |
Duftite is a relatively common arsenate mineral with the formula CuPb(AsO4)(OH), related to conichalcite. It is green and often forms botryoidal aggregates. It is a member of the adelite-descloizite Group, Conichalcite-Duftite Series. Duftite and conichalcite specimens from Tsumeb are commonly zoned in color and composition. Microprobe analyses and X-ray powder-diffraction studies indicate extensive substitution of Zn for Cu, and Ca for Pb in the duftite structure. This indicates a solid solution among conichalcite, CaCu(AsO4 )(OH), austinite, CaZn(AsO4)(OH) and duftite PbCu(AsO4)(OH), all of them belonging to the adelite group of arsenates.[6] It was named after Mining Councilor G Duft, Director of the Otavi Mine and Railroad Company, Tsumeb, Namibia.[2] The type locality is the Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Otjikoto Region, Namibia.
Structure
[edit]The structure[7] is composed of chains of edge-sharing CuO6 distorted octahedra parallel to the c axis. The chains are linked by AsO4 tetrahedra and Pb atoms.
Environment
[edit]Duftite is an uncommon product of weathered sulfide ore deposits. It is associated with azurite at the type locality,[2] and with bayldonite, segnitite, agardite and gartrellite at the Central Cobar Mines, New South Wales, Australia, where some pseudomorphs of duftite after mimetite have also found.[8] It occurs in association with olivenite, mottramite, azurite, malachite, wulfenite and calcite in the Tsumeb, Namibia deposit. It occurs with bayldonite, beudantite, mimetite and cerussite in the Cap Garonne mine, France.[5]
Distribution
[edit]Reported from Argentina, Australia, Austria, Chile, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Namibia, Poland, Portugal, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, the UK, the US and Zimbabwe.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
- ^ a b c Wherry ET, Foshag WF (1921). "New mineral names" (PDF). American Mineralogist. 6: 140–141.
- ^ Duftite. Webmineral.com. Retrieved on 2011-10-10.
- ^ a b Duftite. Mindat.org
- ^ a b Duftite. (PDF) Handbook of Mineralogy
- ^ Jambor, J L, Owens, D R and Dutrizac, J E (1980). "Solid solution in the adelite group of arsenates" (PDF). Canadian Mineralogist. 18: 191–195.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Kharisun; Max R. Taylor; D. J. M. Bevan; Allan Pring (1998). "The crystal chemistry of duftite, PbCuAsO4(OH) and the beta-duftite problem" (PDF). Mineralogical Magazine. 62 (1): 121–130. Bibcode:1998MinM...62..121K. doi:10.1180/002646198547413. S2CID 98680784.
- ^ Australian Journal of Mineralogy. 11 (2): 79.
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Bibliography
[edit]- Palache, P.; Berman H.; Frondel, C. (1960). "Dana's System of Mineralogy, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. (Seventh Edition)" John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, pp. 810-811.
