Earlimart is an unincorporated community in Tulare County, California, United States. At the 2020 census, the CDP population was 7,679, down from 8,537 at the 2010 census. For statistical purposes, the Census Bureau defines Earlimart as a census-designated place (CDP).

In the early 1890s, the Dalton Gang was accused and convicted of robbing a Southern Pacific Railroad train at Earlimart, when the community was known as Alila.

Community members changed its name to Earlimart in 1910, choosing that name because the variety of melons grown by local farmers ripened early, and thus were considered “early to market”—hence, “Earli-mart.” Tulare County's Earlimart branch library was established in October 1914 in the Alila School.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.9 square miles (7.5 km²), all of it land.

Earlimart first appeared as an unincorporated place in the 1950 U.S. census; and then as a census designated place in the 1980 U.S. census.

The 2020 United States census reported that Earlimart had a population of 7,679. The population density was 2,645.2 inhabitants per square mile (1,021.3/km²). The racial makeup of Earlimart was 16.2% White, 0.4% African American, 1.2% Native American, 6.1% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 56.4% from other races, and 19.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 91.7% of the population.

The census reported that 99.7% of the population lived in households, 20 people (0.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and no one was institutionalized.

There were 1,865 households, out of which 59.5% included children under the age of 18, 51.7% were married-couple households, 7.9% were cohabiting couple households, 25.6% had a female householder with no partner present, and 14.7% had a male householder with no partner present. 9.3% of households were one person, and 4.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 4.11. There were 1,628 families (87.3% of all households).