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Environmental impact of Apple Inc.

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Environmental impact of Apple Inc.

Apple Inc. has received both praise and criticism for its environmental practices – the former for its usage reduction of hazardous chemicals in its products and transition to clean energy supplies, and the latter for its wasteful use of raw materials in manufacturing, its vigorous opposition to right to repair laws, and the amount of e-waste created by its products.

Apple, in partnership with The Conservation Fund, have[when?] preserved 36,000 acres of working forests in Maine and North Carolina. In 2015, a partnership was planned with the World Wildlife Fund to preserve up to 1,000,000 acres (4,000 km2) of forests in China. Featured was the company's installation of a 40 MW solar power plant in the Sichuan province of China that was designed to coexist with surrounding grasslands supporting the yak population. Its solar projects in China compensated for more than all of the energy necessary for Apple's stores and offices, negating the company's energy carbon footprint in the country. In Singapore, Apple has worked with the Singaporean solar energy system developer Sunseap to cover the rooftops of 800 buildings in the city-state with solar panels, allowing Apple's Singapore operations to be powered by 100% renewable energy. In 2016, Apple introduced Liam, an advanced robotic disassembler and sorter designed by Apple engineers in California specifically for recycling outdated or broken iPhones. It reuses and recycles parts from traded-in products.

In 2001, Apple computers and displays first met Energy Star requirements, in which they voluntarily phased out tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in all their plastic enclosure parts greater than 25 grams. They also began to purchase 100 percent of electricity for the Austin facility from renewable sources, called Austin's "Green Choice" Power Program. In 2002, Apple continued to build a more environmentally friendly effort. For example, Apple signed the European Union Code of Conduct on Power Supplies, which encourages manufacturers to design power supplies that minimize energy consumption in "off" mode.

In 2009, Apple revealed a complete life cycle analysis of greenhouse gas emissions, which set a new standard for full environmental disclosure. Apple is the only company in the industry that publishes the environmental footprint of each of its products. Other companies only report on a fraction of their emissions. All of their products became BFR-free with shipping and mercury-free LED-backlit displays with arsenic-free display glass. The Mac mini, iMac, and Mac Pro met the Energy Star 5.0 specification.

In 2012, Apple launched the redesigned iMac, using 68% less material and generating 67% fewer carbon emissions than earlier generations. Also, the aluminum stand on the iMac is made using 30% recycled content. Meanwhile, at their headquarters in Cupertino, energy use was cut by over 30%, and Apple provided a biogas-powered fuel cell and built rooftop solar photovoltaic systems. They introduced their redesigned AirPort Express with an enclosure containing bio-based polymers derived from industrial-grade rapeseed and post-consumer recycled PC-ABS plastic.

In December 2016, Apple agreed to pay the California Environmental Protection Agency a $450,000 settlement in what they said was "an oversight in paperwork" for operating and closing 803,000 pounds of electronic waste at two hazardous-waste processing plants in Cupertino and Sunnyvale without filing the proper paperwork.

In April 2021, Apple claimed to have started a $200 million fund in order to combat climate change by removing 1 million metric tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere each year.

In 2023, Apple announced it was dropping leather from its product lines, citing the material's "significant carbon footprint". The move earned Apple a 2023 Company of the Year award from PETA.

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