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Equivalent spherical diameter
The equivalent spherical diameter of an irregularly shaped object is the diameter of a sphere of equivalent geometric, optical, electrical, aerodynamic or hydrodynamic behavior to that of the particle under investigation.
The particle size of a perfectly smooth, spherical object can be accurately defined by a single parameter, the particle diameter. However, real-life particles are likely to have irregular shapes and surface irregularities, and their size cannot be fully characterized by a single parameter.
The concept of equivalent spherical diameter has been introduced in the field of particle size analysis to enable the representation of the particle size distribution in a simplified, homogenized way. Here, the real-life particle is matched with an imaginary sphere which has the same properties according to a defined principle, enabling the real-life particle to be defined by the diameter of the imaginary sphere.
The principle used to match the real-life particle and the imaginary sphere vary as a function of the measurement technique used to measure the particle.
For optical-based particle sizing methods such as microscopy or dynamic image analysis, the analysis is made on the projection of the three-dimensional object on a two-dimensional plane. The most commonly used methods for determining the equivalent spherical diameter from the particle's projected outline are:
Since the particle's orientation at the time of image capture has a large influence on all these parameters, the equivalent spherical diameter is obtained by averaging a large number of measurements, corresponding to the different particle orientations.
Of note, the ISO standards providing guidance for performing particle size determination by static and dynamic image analysis (respectively ISO 13322-1 and 13322-2) recommend to define particle size by a combination of 3 primary measurements, namely the area-equivalent diameter, the maximum Feret diameter, and the minimum Feret diameter. The combination of these parameters is then used to define the shape factor.
In sieve analysis, the particle size distribution of a granular material is assessed by letting the material pass through a series of sieves of progressively smaller mesh size. In that case the equivalent spherical diameter corresponds to the equivalent sieve diameter, or the diameter of a sphere that just passes through a defined sieve pore.
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Equivalent spherical diameter AI simulator
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Equivalent spherical diameter
The equivalent spherical diameter of an irregularly shaped object is the diameter of a sphere of equivalent geometric, optical, electrical, aerodynamic or hydrodynamic behavior to that of the particle under investigation.
The particle size of a perfectly smooth, spherical object can be accurately defined by a single parameter, the particle diameter. However, real-life particles are likely to have irregular shapes and surface irregularities, and their size cannot be fully characterized by a single parameter.
The concept of equivalent spherical diameter has been introduced in the field of particle size analysis to enable the representation of the particle size distribution in a simplified, homogenized way. Here, the real-life particle is matched with an imaginary sphere which has the same properties according to a defined principle, enabling the real-life particle to be defined by the diameter of the imaginary sphere.
The principle used to match the real-life particle and the imaginary sphere vary as a function of the measurement technique used to measure the particle.
For optical-based particle sizing methods such as microscopy or dynamic image analysis, the analysis is made on the projection of the three-dimensional object on a two-dimensional plane. The most commonly used methods for determining the equivalent spherical diameter from the particle's projected outline are:
Since the particle's orientation at the time of image capture has a large influence on all these parameters, the equivalent spherical diameter is obtained by averaging a large number of measurements, corresponding to the different particle orientations.
Of note, the ISO standards providing guidance for performing particle size determination by static and dynamic image analysis (respectively ISO 13322-1 and 13322-2) recommend to define particle size by a combination of 3 primary measurements, namely the area-equivalent diameter, the maximum Feret diameter, and the minimum Feret diameter. The combination of these parameters is then used to define the shape factor.
In sieve analysis, the particle size distribution of a granular material is assessed by letting the material pass through a series of sieves of progressively smaller mesh size. In that case the equivalent spherical diameter corresponds to the equivalent sieve diameter, or the diameter of a sphere that just passes through a defined sieve pore.