The Eurovision Song Contest 1983 was the 28th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest, held on 23 April 1983 at the Rudi-Sedlmayer-Halle in Munich, West Germany, and presented by Marlene Charell. It was organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Bayerischer Rundfunk (BR) on behalf of ARD, who staged the event after winning the 1982 contest for Germany with the song "Ein bißchen Frieden" by Nicole. Despite being that their first win at the contest, it was actually the second time that ARD had hosted the competition, having previously done so in 1957 in Frankfurt.

Broadcasters from twenty countries participated in the contest, with France, Greece, and Italy all returning this year. Radio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ) decided not to participate citing industrial action, making this Ireland's first absence since its debut in 1965.

The winner was Luxembourg with the song "Si la vie est cadeau" by Corinne Hermes, which equalled the record of five victories set by France in 1977. This record would in turn be beaten by Ireland in 1994. It was also the second year in a row where the winning entry was performed last on the night and the second year in a row in which Israel won 2nd place. For the third year in a row at least one country ended up with nul points, in this case Spain and Turkey.

The 1983 contest was the first to be televised in Australia, via Channel 0/28 (now SBS) in Sydney and Melbourne. The contest went on to become popular in Australia, leading to their eventual debut at the 60th anniversary contest in 2015.

Munich is a German city and capital of the Bavarian state. Rudi-Sedlmayer-Halle was chosen to host the contest. The hall opened in 1972 to host basketball events for the 1972 Summer Olympics. Due to staging and production necessities, the 5,500 seats of the arena had to be reduced to 3,200 for the night of the final and until the 1985 contest, this was the largest arena to host the event. From this number, 2,000 seats were reserved for the delegations and journalists, and 1,200 tickets were on sale for the general public. The ticket prices ranged from 20 to 50 DM.

Twenty countries took part in the contest, with France, Greece, and Italy returning to the competition. On the other hand, Ireland was absent this year for the first time since its debut in 1965 because of the financial difficulties of the national broadcaster, Radio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ).

Several of the performing artists had previously competed as lead artists representing the same country in past editions: Guy Bonnet had represented France in 1970; and Jahn Teigen had represented Norway in 1978, and in 1982 along Anita Skorgan. In addition, Sandra Reemer, who had represented the Netherlands in 1972 along with Andres Holten, in 1976, and in 1979; Anita Skorgan who represented Norway in 1977, in 1979, in 1982 along Jahn Teigen, and provided backing vocals in 1981; and Izolda Barudžija, who represented Yugoslavia in 1982 as part of Aska; provided backing vocals for the same country in this contest.

The local production of the contest started in June 1982. The final was produced by Bayerischer Rundfunk (BR) on behalf of ARD, with production costs of 1.2 million DM, further 1.5 million DM for the organisation and broadcaster, making a total of 2.7 million DM. With the help of donations and other contributions, Bayerischer Rundfunk was able to reduce the costs at its own expense to about 1 million DM. The city of Munich had to contribute 60,000 DM to a reception for the participating delegations.