Evangelical theology is the teaching and doctrine that relates to spiritual matters in evangelical Christianity and Christian theology. The main points concern the place of the Bible, the Trinity, worship, salvation, sanctification, charity, evangelism and the end of time.

Various evangelical Christian denominations differ in their doctrine, with Churches variously teaching Wesleyan-Arminian theology, Reformed theology, or Baptist theology. Other evangelical bodies, such as the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Brazil, Evangelical Presbyterian Church of Ukraine and the Evangelical Friends Church International, may subscribe to what they see as the orthodox theology espoused by their historic tradition, such as Lutheranism, Presbyterianism or Quakerism, respectively.

There are various nuances when comparing Christian denominations that claim to be evangelical, though many of them would adhere to the doctrine of the believers' Church, as with Anabaptists, Baptists and Pentecostals. Evangelical theology is also found within the denominations of mainline Protestantism.

Evangelical theology brings together the main common theological aspects, which can be found in the confessions of faith adopted by the evangelical Christian denominations.

Evangelical Christianity brings together different theological movements, the main ones being fundamentalist or moderate conservative, liberal and progressive.

Despite the nuances in the various evangelical movements, there is a similar set of beliefs for movements adhering to the doctrine of the Believers' Church, the main ones being Anabaptists, Baptists and Pentecostals.

The Bible is considered to be inspired by God Himself and is the sovereign authority in the Christian faith.

When Paul, therefore, declares that "all writing" is the product of the divine breath, "holds his breath of God" (2 Timothy 3:16), he asserts that Scripture is a product of a very specific divine operation. It is therefore important to note that the Greek does not carry the meaning that the terms of the Bible have been "infused" into human writers, but rather that it breathes God. Divine revelation is a kind of perpetual flow of the creative power of God. In other words, it is considered that God "oversaw" the writing of every line of the Bible so that it contains a message in human language sent by God using the human intellect, writing styles and writing talent – this notion is called Biblical inspiration. The believer is dependent on the Holy Spirit to have a good understanding of the texts. The Bible is considered as a life manual that concerns all aspects of life. Often called "the Word of God" or "scripture", it is considered infallible and, in some evangelical circles, without error – this notion is called biblical inerrancy. This is sometimes interpreted in a very literal way within certain movements, in particular the most conservative ones with prominent beliefs often referred to as ultraconservative and fundamentalist movements. With the development of moderate evangelical theology in the 1940s in the United States, the study of the Bible has been combined with disciplines such as hermeneutics, exegesis, epistemology and apologetics.