Fushun is a prefecture level city in Liaoning province, China, about 45 km (28 mi) east of Shenyang, with a total area of 11,272 km² (4,352 sq mi), 714 km² (276 sq mi) of which is the city proper. Situated on the Hun River ("muddy river"), it is one of the industrial and economic development hubs in Liaoning.

The Ming first constructed Fushun walled city in 1384 after the division of the Yuan dynasty. "Fushun" is an abbreviation of the Chinese saying "to pacify the frontiers; to guide the Yi foreigners" (撫綏邊疆，順導夷民).

The Jurchen (Manchu) leader Nurhachi married his granddaughter by his son Abatai to the Ming dynasty General Li Yongfang after Li surrendered Fushun in 1618 and defected to the Qing. One of Li Yongfang's descendants was sentenced to death by the Qianlong emperor, but his life was spared when he helped suppress the Lin Shuangwen rebellion.

Fushun was in ruins in the one-and-a-half centuries of early Qing. In 1783, the new walled city was completed southwest of the old city. In 1908, Fushun became the seat of Xingren County (興仁縣, later renamed to Fushun County). Fushun was occupied by Russia until 1905 and by Japan until 1945. With the Japanese victory over Imperial Russia and signing of the Treaty of Portsmouth, the South Manchuria branch (from Changchun to Lüshun) of the China Far East Railway was transferred to Japanese control. South Manchuria Railway Company quickly expanded the system inherited from Russia to staggering proportions. Coal mines were developed at Fushun. Under the control of the Japanese and with 30 years of development, Fushun area became highly industrialized. Fushun gained city status in 1937.

As of the 2020 census, Fushun has a total population of 1,854,372 people, whom 8,192,848 lived in the built-up (or metro) area encompassing 8 out of 10 Shenyang urban districts (all but Shenbei Xin and Liaozhong not being conurbated yet) and the 4 Fushun urban districts. This makes Shenyang-Fushun the 8th most populous built up area in China after the Pearl River Delta conurbation of Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan, Foshan, Jiangmen, Zhongshan and Huizhou, then Shanghai-Suzhou, Beijing, Tianjin, Hangzhou-Shaoxing, Wuhan and Nanjing.

Fushun consists of 4 districts, 1 county and 2 autonomous counties.

Fushun belong to Temperate monsoon climate

Fushun is a highly industrialized area and nicknamed "the City of Coal". It has developed as a thriving center for fuel, power and raw materials and is also offering more and more opportunities in textiles and electronics. One of the world's largest open-pit coal mines, the West Open Mine, is located south of the city. Exploited from the 12th century, it was operated as an open pit mine during the 20th and early 21st centuries; however, as of 2015, the West Open pit, 1,000 feet deep, with an area of 4.2 square miles, was exhausted and unstable. Total coal production in Fushun as a whole had fallen below 3 million tons, down from 18.3 million tons in 1962. Fushun has a major aluminum-reduction plant and factories producing automobiles, machinery, chemicals, cement, and rubber.